A survey of liquid chromatographic–mass spectrometric analysis of mercapturic acid biomarkers in occupational and environmental exposure monitoring

Mathias, Patricia I.; B’Hymer, Clayton

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.02.057

Cited by 26 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“… 9 10 Urine concentrations of the 7 urinary metabolites VOCs, including benzene, toluene, xylene, styrene, as well as formaldehyde, were measured using gas chromatography/tandem mass spectroscopy. 11 12 Urinary metabolites of benzene and xylene consisted of trans,trans-muconic acid (t,t-MA), and o-toluic acid and p-toluic acid, respectively. Urinary metabolites of styrene consisted of mandelic acid (MA) and phenylglyoxylic acid (PGA), and the urinary metabolite of formaldehyde consisted of thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (TZCA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Periostin Is Negatively Correlated With Exposure to Formaldehyde and Volatile Organic Compounds in Children

Yon

et al. 2018

Allergy Asthma Immunol Res

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Epidemiological studies have shown that exposure to tobacco smoke causing irritation and inflammation in the airways tends to reduce serum periostin concentrations in adults. We now investigate prospective cross-sectional study on 135 Korean students aged 7 years in the first grade who were participating in the Seongnam Atopy Project for Children's Happiness 2016 (SAP2016) cohort. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to show significant inverse correlations between serum periostin concentration and exposure to xylene and formaldehyde in children. Our findings suggested the need for caution in using the serum periostin level as a marker for allergic diseases, since exposure to volatile organic compounds and formaldehyde may confound the interpretation of these results.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Periostin Is Negatively Correlated With Exposure to Formaldehyde and Volatile Organic Compounds in Children

Yon

et al. 2018

Allergy Asthma Immunol Res

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“…The results of that study demonstrated the presence of significantly higher levels of urinary mercapturic acid metabolites of benzene, acrolein, and crotonaldehyde in the cooks compared to the controls. Mercapturic acids are formed by reaction of these compounds or their metabolites with cellular glutathione, followed by metabolic processing and excretion, and are widely used biomarkers for exposure to volatile toxicants and carcinogens [ 20 , 21 ]. Benzene is a carcinogen while acrolein and crotonaldehyde are powerful irritants and DNA-reactive compounds which may play some role in lung carcinogenesis [ 22 , 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated Levels of Mercapturic Acids of Acrolein and Crotonaldehyde in the Urine of Chinese Women in Singapore Who Regularly Cook at Home

et al. 2015

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Lung cancer is unusually common among non-smoking women in Southeastern Asia but the causes of this frequently fatal disease are not well understood. Several epidemiology studies indicate that inhalation of fumes from high temperature Chinese style cooking with a wok may be a cause. Only one previous study investigated uptake of potential toxicants and carcinogens by women who cook with a wok. We enrolled three-hundred twenty-eight non-smoking women from Singapore for this study. Each provided a spot urine sample and answered a questionnaire concerning their cooking habits and other factors. The urine samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for mercapturic acid metabolites of acrolein (3-hydroxypropylmercapturic acid), crotonaldehyde (3-hydroxy-1-methylpropylmercapturic acid), and benzene (S-phenylmercapturic acid), accepted biomarkers of uptake of these toxic and carcinogenic compounds. We observed statistically significant effects of wok cooking frequency on levels of 3-hydroxypropylmercapturic acid and 3-hydroxy-1-methylpropylmercapturic acid, but not S-phenylmercapturic acid. Women who cooked greater than 7 times per week had a geometric mean of 2600 (95% CI, 2189-3090) pmol/mg creatinine 3-hydroxypropylmercapturic acid compared to 1901 (95% CI, 1510-2395) pmol/mg creatinine when cooking less than once per week (P for trend 0.018). The corresponding values for 3-hydroxy-1-methylpropylmercapturic acid were 1167 (95% CI, 1022-1332) and 894 (95% CI, 749-1067) pmol/mg creatinine (P for trend 0.008). We conclude that frequent wok cooking leads to elevated exposure to the toxicants acrolein and crotonaldehyde, but not benzene. Kitchens should be properly ventilated to decrease exposure to potentially toxic and carcinogenic fumes produced during Chinese style wok cooking.

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“…These results are surprising in view of the well-established activity of this pathway based on in vitro studies and the ease of detection of urinary mercapturic acids of other xenobiotics such as acrolein, acrylonitrile, and benzene [37]. One possible explanation for the low levels of these phenanthrene metabolites in human urine is that they are excreted mainly in feces, which were not collected or analyzed in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Investigation of the presence in human urine of mercapturic acids derived from phenanthrene, a representative polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

Cheng

Zarth

Upadhyaya

et al. 2017

Chemico-Biological Interactions

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are environmental carcinogens implicated as causes of cancer in certain industrial settings and in cigarette smokers. PAH require metabolic activation to exert their carcinogenic effects. One widely accepted pathway of metabolic activation proceeds through formation of “bay region” diol epoxides which are highly reactive with DNA and can cause mutations. Phenanthrene (Phe) is the simplest PAH with a bay region and an excellent model for the study of PAH metabolism. In previous studies in which [D10]Phe was administered to smokers, we observed higher levels of [D10]Phe-tetraols derived from [D10]Phe-diol epoxides in subjects who were null for the glutathione-S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) gene. We hypothesized that Phe-epoxides, the primary metabolites of Phe, were detoxified by glutathione conjugate formation, which would result ultimately in the excretion of the corresponding mercapturic acids in urine. We synthesized the four stereoisomeric mercapturic acids that would result from attack of glutathione on Phe-epoxides followed by normal processing of the conjugates. We also synthesized the corresponding dehydrated metabolites and sulfoxides. These 12 standards were used in liquid chromatography-nanoelectrospray ionization-high resolution tandem mass spectrometry analysis of urine samples from smokers and creosote workers, the latter exposed to unusually high levels of PAH. Only the sulfoxide derivatives were consistently detected in the urine of creosote workers; none of the compounds was detected in the urine of smokers. These results demonstrate a new pathway of PAH-mercapturic acid formation, but do not provide an explanation for the role of GSTM1 null status on Phe-tetraol formation.

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A survey of liquid chromatographic–mass spectrometric analysis of mercapturic acid biomarkers in occupational and environmental exposure monitoring

Cited by 26 publications

References 52 publications

Serum Periostin Is Negatively Correlated With Exposure to Formaldehyde and Volatile Organic Compounds in Children

Serum Periostin Is Negatively Correlated With Exposure to Formaldehyde and Volatile Organic Compounds in Children

Elevated Levels of Mercapturic Acids of Acrolein and Crotonaldehyde in the Urine of Chinese Women in Singapore Who Regularly Cook at Home

Investigation of the presence in human urine of mercapturic acids derived from phenanthrene, a representative polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

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