A survey of semantic web (Web 3.0), its applications, challenges, future and its relation with Internet of things (IoT)

Abstract

The Semantic Web (Web 3.0) is an advancement of the existing web in which knowledge is given well-defined importance, allowing people and machines to operate better. The Semantic Web is the next step in the evolution of the Web. The semantic web improves online technologies in need of generating, distributing, and linking material. In literature, multiple surveys have been done on the semantic web (Web 3.0), but those surveys are limited to some specific topics. According to the best of our understanding, none of the surveys provides a comprehensive study about the applications, challenges, and future of the semantic web along with its relationship with the Internet of things (IoT). The previous surveys focused on the Web 3.0 without touching on applications or challenges or focused on only the application prospect of the web 3.0, focused on the just the challenges, or focused on web 3.0 relationship with either internet of things or knowledge graphs but failed to touch the other important factors i.e., failed to provide comprehensive web 3.0 survey. This survey paper covers the gaps created from the previous survey papers in the same field and provides a comprehensive survey about web 3.0, a comparison between web 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0, the study of application and challenges in web 3.0, the relationship between web 3.0 with IoT and knowledge graph. Moreover, it focuses on the evolution of the web, and semantic web along with an explanation of the various layers, ontology tools, and semantic web tools with their comparison and semantic web service search. Despite all the shortcomings and challenges, the semantic web is moving in the right direction, and it is the future of the web.

From static web to metaverse: reinventing medical education in the post-pandemic era

“…In the medical education concept, each generation of the Web has influenced curriculum design, content delivery, assessment methods, and competency-based medical education. Table 2 presents descriptions of the four generations of the Web and their learning paradigms [ 8 , 19 , 20 , 21 ].…”

Unlocking Internet of Things (IoT) for Enhanced Knowledge Management and Organizational Performance: A Case Study of Diverse Industry Players in the Philippines

“…Acquiring knowledge through data gathering is crucial in influencing decision-making inside organizations. According to Kurilovas et al (2014) and Anwar (2022), Web 3.0 tools can obtain necessary information for the functioning of devices or applications and enhance their predictions by considering user preferences. This technology ultimately leads to a more customized user experience.…”

“…Web 3.0 has been implemented during a period characterized by increased availability of structured data on the internet. This advancement has reduced the necessity for human searches, rendering web pages as just indexes (Anwar, 2022;Kapoor et al, 2017;Spivack, 2007). In addition, the "Semantic Web" concept has provided computer systems with the ability to grasp and efficiently utilize recorded information (Bhattacharya, n.d.;Narayanasamy et al, 2022).…”

Integrating Semantic Web into Context-Aware Mobile Application based on Cloud Computing

“…Semantic web is to interpret of all internet relative relationship between the resources. Therefore, make the computer having reading capability of the analysis to achieve the intelligence, and develop a new generation of Internet technology Web 3.0 [10]. By description of data enables computer to understand the relationship between the internet resource and the relationship.…”

“…(9) The calorie consumption information acquired in (8) will be stored in the cell phone database Android SQLite, which the user can access without internet connection. (10) The context information, including calorie consumption, is uploaded to the web site database using PHP for processing. (11) The PHP stores the information in the database and generates RDF based on the ontology.…”