“…1 We developed a web-based 21-item questionnaire mostly of closed questions using SurveyMonkey (SurveyMonkey.com, Palo Alto, California, USA), an internet data-collection service. Questions covered service characteristics (questions 2-9), involvement and number of volunteers (questions 10-12), their role in care services by client group (affected children/ young people, siblings, parents/carers, bereaved families) (13,(15)(16)(17)(18), use of professional skills (14), and activities undertaken in hospices and families' homes (19)(20). The survey also asked respondents to state in a free-text box if there were other areas (not covered in the closed questions) where volunteers are deployed with direct contact with children and families (21).…”