Software architecture determines success or failure in the domain of
software development and design. As a system evolves, software
architecture erodes. This phenomenon is called architectural erosion.
Several studies that focused on various approaches to the problem of
architectural erosion have been conducted. As a direct consequence of
this, the metrics strategy has emerged as the most widely used solution
for architectural erosion. However, providing a comprehensive perception
of the elements required to evaluate the phenomenon of architectural
erosion with an acceptable level of quality is a challenge. The primary
goals of this research, which drew from the prior literature about
identifying architectural erosion, were to (1) determine whether various
adopted measures approaches determine architectural erosion in order to
develop a formal model, and (2) evaluate the construct reliability and
construct validity of the model. This research presents a model based on
the chosen measures approaches for identifying architectural
degradation. This model can be used as the cornerstone for a formal
definition of general approaches and adopted metrics. Data was collected
from 130 software engineering professionals with experience in
architecture erosion and software metrics via a questionnaire-based
survey. Structural equation Modelling (SEM) was used to analyse
construct reliability, construct validity, and research hypotheses. The
results demonstrate a substantial association between all metrics
approach classes and architectural erosion, except for architectural
complexity and architectural technical debt. Both researchers and
practitioners can significantly benefit from this model’s empirical
assessment and evaluation, which includes a valuable information in this
context.