“…However, for indoor circumstances, the signal propagation model may be altered by the multipath effect, shadowing effect, fading effect, and delay distortion from walls, floors, furniture, or ceilings [12,13]. Meanwhile, it is difficult to provide compensation for model distortion analytically [14,15]. Different from the acoustic localization methods based on geometry model, the fingerprinting acoustic localization method simply adopted in our previous work [16], as a nonparametric location approach, can effectively accomplish sound positioning task according to the idea of environment perception.…”