“…An NIDS with response capabilities, e.g., blocking traffic when an intrusion is detected, is typically referred to as an intrusion prevention system [17]. As surveyed in the literature [18], recent research on IDSs has focused on applying the most recent AI and ML methods to detect intrusions [19,20]. Noteworthy work includes extending IDS schemes to protect network environments, e.g., the Internet of Things [21,22], cloud environments [23,24], software-defined networks [25], and automation and control systems [26].…”