A survey on low power RF rectifiers efficiency for low cost energy harvesting applications

J. Microw. Optoelectron. Electromagn. Appl.

et al. 2021

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This article presents an experimental analysis of the use of signals transmitted by Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) based on the IEEE 802.11b/g standards for Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting (RFEH) applications in indoor environments employing a Quasi-Yagi Rectenna (QYR) topology. This analysis is a crucial point to distinguish the use of the IEEE 802.11b/g standards for ambient RFEH applications and contributes to the debate on the use of different types of energy available for free in modern society. For it, a dedicated setup, developed in a controlled environment to avoid any external interference, was built to carry out the programmed measurements. The results obtained indicate that IEEE 802.11b/g standards have great potential for applications in RFEH, with the IEEE 802.11b average power four times higher than IEEE 802.11g at the rectifier output.

Section: A Rectifiermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The input impedance is set to 50 Ω, making use of a microstrip transmission lines (Zline), and the QY is modeled by its equivalent Thévenin circuit, formed by Vth and Zth. Both, Rl (optimum load of 3.3 kΩ) and Lo (10 μH), are general purpose Surface Mounted Device (SMD) components usually used in RF front-end circuits [28].…”

Section: A Rectifiermentioning

confidence: 99%

IEEE 802.11b/g Practical Assessment Using a Low-Cost Quasi-Yagi Rectenna for Indoor RF Energy Harvesting

J. Microw. Optoelectron. Electromagn. Appl.

et al. 2021

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“…Along with the RF rectifier circuit, the matching network (MN) represents an essential element for the maximum power transfer from the antenna to the series rectifier output. The proposed element, besides the microstrip line, is composed of an open stub, for impedance matching, and a grounded one, responsible for eliminating the direct current voltage (VDC) component at the diode anode, which can decrease the series rectifier efficiency significantly [22] , [23] . So, the RF rectifier layout with the optimized MN, presented in Fig.…”

Section: Experimental Rectenna Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double Patch Antenna Array for Communication and Out-of-band RF Energy Harvesting

J. Microw. Optoelectron. Electromagn. Appl.

et al. 2020

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This paper presents a patch antenna array topology for Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT) applications. The resulting Double Patch Antenna Array (DPA) is composed of two patch antennas operating at different frequencies and fabricated on a unique substrate. One of the patches operates at the 1.8 GHz mobile communication band and is used for wireless communication, while the other one operates at the 2.4 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band, and is used for Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting (RFEH). The analyzes and measurements carried out have shown that the adopted topology has satisfactory performance for communication, with a gain of 1.5 dBi, and for out-of-band energy harvesting, with a Vout of 160 mV at 2.45 GHz. These results indicate this approach as a promising strategy for low-power wireless applications.

“…It is important to note that the Schottky diode SMS7630-079LF by Skyworks was adopted due to its low zerobias junction resistance and capacitance. After a load optimisation, by trial and error method, the 3.3 kΩ resistor was chosen as the rectenna load (R L ), in order to maximise the efficiency, as suggested by Paz et al [28].…”

Section: Doqy Rectenna Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual‐output quasi‐Yagi antenna for out‐of‐band RF energy harvesting

IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation

et al. 2020

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Aiming to improve the SWIPT (Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer) technologies, this work proposes a novel Dual‐Output quasi‐Yagi antenna (DOQY), designed by combining a single classic quasi‐Yagi antenna (QY) and a dedicated frequency splitter in order to behave as two distinct antennas, one operating at 1.8 GHz mobile communication band for data communication and another at 2.4 GHz ISM band for out‐of‐band energy harvesting. To validate the proposal, the results of the DOQY are compared to those presented by a reference quasi‐Yagi antenna (QYref) with the same dimensions. Additionally, for analysis of the energy harvesting capacity and the corresponding necessary RF design criteria, the antennas are connected to a well‐established rectifier system and its performances were compared. The novel architecture presents a antenna gain performance of 70%, in comparison with QYref in both central frequency bands, presenting, however, the same performance in energy harvesting. At 1.8 GHz the antenna gain performance is increased to 81% of the QYref, adding the rectifier circuit in their respective port. These satisfactory results endorse the operability of the DOQY for SWIPT application, adding a new port without compromising the system performance.