A Survey on Mac Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

Abstract-Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is an infrastructure-less wireless network of nodes that can sense the environment or physical conditions and relay the data to a sink or a gateway possibly through multiple hops. The primary task of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols in such a network is to synchronize the task of data communication between the nodes with energy efficiency being the prime consideration due to power constraints in sensor nodes. So the most significant performance specifications for MAC protocols in WSN are throughput, efficiency, stability, fairness, low access delay, low transmission delay and low overhead. In this paper we have surveyed significant classes of MAC protocols used in WSN and reviewed the merits and demerits of those protocols based on the aforementioned specifications.

A Survey on the Evolution of Opportunistic Routing with Asynchronous Duty-Cycled MAC in Wireless Sensor Networks

“…Examined the protocols' performances considering a linear/chain-type WSN Ref. [27] Throughput, efficiency, stability, fairness, low access delay, low transmission delay and low overhead. Based on load-balancing factors provided reviews on the evolution of ADCM and OR protocols and pointed out the issues while using both protocols together in WSN Patel and Kamboj, 2015 [21], focused on the issue of reducing retransmission in order to prevent unnecessary energy consumption.…”

“…The routing decision they made for their process depends on the underlying MAC protocol because, since the beginning, the main concept of opportunistic routing has been a combination of MAC and a routing mechanism, as represented in Figure 2. Several survey articles [22][23][24][25][26][27] have studied the existing MAC protocols in the literature, focusing on their contributions to preserving the energy and lifetime of the network. Yahya et al [22] surveyed MAC protocols in the literature, focusing on the energy efficiency, latency and throughput factors of WSNs.…”

“…Anubhama et al [27] reviewed MAC protocols based on throughput, efficiency, stability, fairness, low access delay, low transmission delay and low overhead. The article did not specifically Yahya et al [22] surveyed MAC protocols in the literature, focusing on the energy efficiency, latency and throughput factors of WSNs.…”

“…Anubhama et al [27] reviewed MAC protocols based on throughput, efficiency, stability, fairness, low access delay, low transmission delay and low overhead. The article did not specifically focus on duty-cycling or synchronous and asynchronous characteristics; rather, it evaluates the protocols by taking into account the specifications mentioned above.…”

PRIB-CDS: An Energy Efficient Low Duty Cycle Broadcasting Scheme for Wireless Sensor Network

“…To meet the energy efficiency requirements, WSN employs various asynchronous low duty cycling techniques, where the nodes sleep and wake-up on their own schedules to conserve energy and several sender-initiated and receiver-initiated mechanisms are proposed to achieve coordination among the nodes (Anubhama & Rajendran, 2017). But these techniques perform poorly for broadcast traffic, as the broadcasting techniques like repeated unicast proposed in Asynchronous Duty cycle Broadcasting (ADB) and flooding lead to redundancy, increased latency, and energy consumption (Sun et al, 2009;Guo et al, 2011).…”