A Survey on Millimeter-Wave Beamforming Enabled UAV Communications and Networking

Xiao, Zhenyu; Zhu, Lipeng; Liu, Yanming; Yi, Pengfei; Zhang, Rui; Xia, Xiang-Gen; Schober, Robert

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2104.09204

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 333 publications

(481 reference statements)

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“…Specifically, beamforming sends the same symbol over each transmit antenna with a weighted scale factor. 47,48 • Massive MIMO: A negative side effect of beamforming is that only devices on the beam path can receive the signal. Massive MIMO addresses this by deploying multiple antenna arrays in all directions to achieve strong signals for all users.…”

Section: G Core Network Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

5G network slicing with unmanned aerial vehicles: Taxonomy, survey, and future directions

Bouzid

Chaib

Bensaad

et al. 2022

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

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With the ever‐expanding rise of network demands and user expectations, the fifth generation (5G) of cellular networks was envisioned to support a plethora of use cases and conflicting user demands. Next to providing traditional connectivity like its previous generations, 5G also promises to be a heterogeneous network connecting humans, vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), smart devices, and more. These challenging expectations proved to be overwhelming for traditional network infrastructures to handle. Network slicing has emerged as a promising solution that can achieve such diverse, taxing, and sometimes conflicting requirements in a dynamic and programmable way. There is no denying that UAVs have attained significant focus and research in recent years, and with 5G already being deployed, UAVs can now exploit the capabilities of the new networks. Extensive research is being taken to integrate UAVs into networks, assisting and improving aspects like latency, coverage, and capacity. Motivated by these facts, this survey distinguishes itself from other works by jointly exploring 5G, network slicing, and UAVs. The main contributions of this article are to showcase how UAVs can assist networks, provide a taxonomy of UAVs in the context of network slicing, and survey works that contribute to network slicing with UAVs. In this article, we present a comprehensive survey on UAVs in the context of network slicing, covering contributions, and state‐of‐the‐art literature. We discuss network slicing in‐depth, focusing especially on the three major slices: enhanced Mobile BroadBand, massive machine type communications, and ultra‐reliable low‐latency communications. We provide an overview of 5G enablers, including software‐defined networking and network function virtualization. We cover UAVs and identify their roles in networks as both users and assistants. Furthermore, this survey provides insight into open issues and future research directions related to network slicing and UAVs before concluding.

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Section: G Core Network Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

5G network slicing with unmanned aerial vehicles: Taxonomy, survey, and future directions

Bouzid

Chaib

Bensaad

et al. 2022

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

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“…There is a growing number of works that integrates UAV into mm-Wave networks due to its promising merits. In [26], the authors provided a comprehensive survey on UAVassisted mm-Wave communications and summarized their main challenges. In [27], the performance evaluation of UAVassisted mm-Wave networks is investigated, where UAVs were deployed as mm-Wave access points communicating with ground users.…”

Section: A Related Work and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, power-limited constraint, which affects the flight time can be taken into account for future studies, and there are some related works that can be found in [59], [60]. Throughout this paper, we assume that problem (26) is always feasible when the QoS requirement of each user will be satisfied if a ij = 1. To simplify the hybrid beamforming design-based UAV relay and user association process in practical systems, we assume that each user can only be associated with only one BS at a time [51].…”

Section: Problem Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, constraint (26h) ensures that the sum of the data rate provided to the associated users is limited by the maximum data rate of the entire network, thereby including the total communication traffic from the users or the BSs. To solve the problem in (26), an efficient two-level association approach is summarized in Algorithm 2. This algorithm is based on the maximum SINR criterion for the user associated with each BS, which is designed among two network nodes including users and BSs, communicating through one UAV relay link.…”

Section: Problem Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance and User Association Optimization for UAV Relay-Assisted mm-Wave Massive MIMO Systems

et al. 2022

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Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) relaying is deemed as a promising solution to enhance the achievable rate and widespread connectivity in millimeter-Wave (mm-Wave) systems for tomorrow's 6G wireless networks. In this paper, we study both the performance and user association optimization for the UAV relay-assisted mm-Wave massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system, where multiple base stations (BSs) serve their respective users with the help of one beamforming UAV relay. Both the beamforming and the UAV relay have essential impact on the achievable sum-rate of the system. Thus, a multi-user hybrid beamforming scheme is designed to mitigate the inter-user interference issues and achieve a better trade-off between performance and complexity in UAV-enabled communications. Also, to exploit UAV relay based architecture in serving different ground BS-user pairs, we propose a UAV relay-assisted multi-BS mm-Wave massive MIMO system with hybrid beamforming architecture, which prevent sudden link disconnections caused by high path loss and line-of-sight (LoS) blockage in mm-Wave frequency band. Then, we formulate a user association problem with multiple constraints so that the sumrate of the overall UAV relay-assisted mm-Wave massive MIMO system is maximized. Simulation results are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed UAV relay-enabled architecture.INDEX TERMS Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) relay, mm-Wave communications, massive MIMO, 6G, hybrid Beamforming, user association, sum rate maximization.

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“…Since there is no significant difference from routing in omnidirectional aerial ad-hoc networks. Routing schemes for antenna array enabled aerial ad-hoc networks can draw lessons from that designed for omnidirectional aerial ad-hoc networks [189], [193].…”

Section: B Airborne Communicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antenna Array Enabled Space/Air/Ground Communications and Networking for 6G

Xiao¹,

Han²,

Nallanathan³

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

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Antenna arrays have a long history of more than 100 years and have evolved closely with the development of electronic and information technologies, playing an indispensable role in wireless communications and radar. With the rapid development of electronic and information technologies, the demand for all-time, all-domain, and full-space network services has exploded, and new communication requirements have been put forward on various space/air/ground platforms. To meet the ever increasing requirements of the future sixth generation (6G) wireless communications, such as high capacity, wide coverage, low latency, and strong robustness, it is promising to employ different types of antenna arrays (e.g., phased arrays, digital arrays, and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces, etc.) with various beamforming technologies (e.g., analog beamforming, digital beamforming, hybrid beamforming, and passive beamforming, etc.) in space/air/ground communication networks, bringing in advantages such as considerable antenna gains, multiplexing gains, and diversity gains. However, enabling antenna array for space/air/ground communication networks poses specific, distinctive and tricky challenges, which has aroused extensive research attention. This paper aims to overview the field of antenna array enabled space/air/ground communications and networking. The technical potentials and challenges of antenna array enabled space/air/ground communications and networking are presented first. Subsequently, the antenna array structures and designs are discussed. We then discuss various emerging technologies facilitated by antenna arrays to meet the new communication requirements of space/air/ground communication systems. Enabled by these emerging technologies, the distinct characteristics, challenges, and solutions for space communications, airborne communications, and ground communications are

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A Survey on Millimeter-Wave Beamforming Enabled UAV Communications and Networking

Cited by 4 publications

References 333 publications

5G network slicing with unmanned aerial vehicles: Taxonomy, survey, and future directions

5G network slicing with unmanned aerial vehicles: Taxonomy, survey, and future directions

Performance and User Association Optimization for UAV Relay-Assisted mm-Wave Massive MIMO Systems

Antenna Array Enabled Space/Air/Ground Communications and Networking for 6G

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