A Survey on Robust Video Watermarking Algorithms for Copyright Protection

Yu, Xiaogang; Wang, Chengyou; Zhou, Xiao

doi:10.3390/app8101891

Cited by 52 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 96 publications

(125 reference statements)

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“…Additionally, for watermarking techniques in the compressed domain, a bit increase rate (BIR) may be assessed as one of the performance metrics. video watermark embedding algorithm has different types according to the embedding position; the following is the main types of video watermark embedding algorithm [1]: 1) Original Video-Based Watermarking: where the original video is perceived as a sequence of static images and watermark data is embedded into the original image, and then the watermarked video is recompressed. The main advantage of the algorithm include a) is not dependent on the video compression techniques.…”

Section: Video Watermarkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Information encrypting technology hides vital data in other open digital products. The technology then transfers vital data through the delivery of open carriers leading to creation of effective means for the realization of secure transfer of confidential data within the network [1]. The information hiding system is described in Figure 1 below.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Digital Watermarking Properties, Classification and Techniques

Embaby,

Shalaby,

Elsayed

2020

IJEAT

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The rise in the demand for multimedia digital products has led to significant copyright challenges, which concerns proof of ownership and copy control. Digital watermarking method provides a solution to the problems associated to copyright protection and control. Considerable quantities of multimedia content are printed, edited or distributed unlawfully without the legal consent of the owner. Digital piracy in the movie and music industry contributes to severe economic losses annually. The problem of digital piracy has led to the urgent need for digital watermarking as a method to counter the piracy. The protection of digital content is currently the main responsibility of the content owner since piracy is evident in all levels of multimedia industry. Therefore, for multimedia information, protection of content copyright has increasingly become the sole focus of the content owner. Digital watermarking is a vital technology, which is applicable in protecting the contemporary multimedia digital contents..

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Section: Video Watermarkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Watermarking Properties, Classification and Techniques

Embaby,

Shalaby,

Elsayed

2020

IJEAT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For copyright protection and piracy tracking, a video is embedded with a unique watermark so that the users who distribute pirated videos can be identified when piracy occurs [1], [2]. During the process of recompression, first the compressed bit stream is uncompressed in raw video using the decoder.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Compressed-Domain Robust Video Watermarking Against Recompression Attack

et al. 2021

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With the development of communication networks and the widespread use of mobile terminals, videos are increasingly shared and distributed among mobile users. During the process, the video is recompressed to a certain file size on the sending side and sent to the receiving side via the server. This makes robust video watermark with low complexity to resist recompression attacks become an important issue to address. The proposed video watermarking method in this article is specially designed for resisting recompression attacks when quantization parameter (QP) is greatly increased. In the proposed method, by using the texture information and motion information of video, the invariance of video content under different quantization parameters could be found to help improve the anti-recompression attack ability of video watermark. Moreover, the proposed framework does not use a location map which has security risk to locate the watermark. It aims at finding the optimal location of watermark embedding adaptively according to the feature of video content itself. The experiment results indicate that the proposed video watermarking method can not only achieve greater robustness against recompression attack but also effectively limit the degradation in video perceptual quality. INDEX TERMS Compressed domain, recompression attack, video watermarking.

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“…In practical scenarios, there are severe third parties and channel noise. To prevent forgery and verify the image and video content integrity, some traditional methods have been introduced [12][13][14][15][16][17]. These methods must have high strength to catch any little alterations, attacks, and tampering on the transmitted streams.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient HEVC Integrity Verification Scheme for Multimedia Cybersecurity Applications

et al. 2020

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Multimedia cybersecurity is a prevalent research topic in the digital world due to the rapid progress of digital multimedia and Internet applications. Watermarking, encryption, and steganography schemes are employed to attain multimedia data confidentiality and robustness. However, these schemes are externally applied on trusted computers, and there has been a lack of similar schemes that can be effectively and efficiently embedded through an untrusted transmission medium. In this work, a selfembedding-based High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) transmission and integrity verification framework is presented. This framework is robust and reliable for verifying the integrity of HEVC frames transmitted through insecure communication channels. Firstly, the transmitted HEVC frames are divided into a number of blocks with a certain block size. After that, a discrete transform is used for self-embedding of watermarks from each block into another block depending on a predefined mechanism. The Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), and Discrete Fourier Transforms (DFT) are tested for this task. The watermarked HEVC frames are transmitted through a wireless communication channel, and hence they become subject to different attacks and corruptions. At the receiver side, the secret watermarks in each block are sensed with a correlation-based method to discover dubious counterfeit operations. To verify the reliability of the suggested transmission framework for achieving high protection and robust content verification of the transmitted HEVC frames over insecure communication channels, different HEVC analyses and comparisons are performed. Simulation results demonstrate the suitability of the suggested transmission framework for different multimedia cybersecurity applications. Furthermore, the comparative analysis shows that the DFT is an efficient discrete transform that can be employed with the proposed transmission framework to guarantee a higher HEVC frame integrity. It has a higher sensitivity to simple modifications in the transmitted watermarked HEVC frames. This makes the suggested cybersecurity framework applicable, secure, and appropriate for multimedia integrity and verification purposes.

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A Survey on Robust Video Watermarking Algorithms for Copyright Protection

Cited by 52 publications

References 96 publications

Digital Watermarking Properties, Classification and Techniques

Digital Watermarking Properties, Classification and Techniques

A Compressed-Domain Robust Video Watermarking Against Recompression Attack

Efficient HEVC Integrity Verification Scheme for Multimedia Cybersecurity Applications

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