2017
DOI: 10.1007/s10462-017-9578-y
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A survey on techniques to handle face recognition challenges: occlusion, single sample per subject and expression

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Cited by 60 publications
(22 citation statements)
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“…LBP has been recognised for simple and efficient method for invariant to monotonic greyscale transformation and illumination changes [10]. FARO (Face Recognition against Occlusions and Expression Variations) [11], is an image fractal based technique used for Partitioned Iterated Function System (PIFS), and FACE (Face Analysis for Commercial Entities) [11], which exploit in measuring the local features from the correlation index. Both methods use a localized regionbased like approach.…”
Section: Related Studymentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…LBP has been recognised for simple and efficient method for invariant to monotonic greyscale transformation and illumination changes [10]. FARO (Face Recognition against Occlusions and Expression Variations) [11], is an image fractal based technique used for Partitioned Iterated Function System (PIFS), and FACE (Face Analysis for Commercial Entities) [11], which exploit in measuring the local features from the correlation index. Both methods use a localized regionbased like approach.…”
Section: Related Studymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Both methods use a localized regionbased like approach. The FARO performs recognition by dividing face into regions for significant meaning (eyes, nose and mouth) [11]. The second method, it performs the image into different extracted blocks of equal domain FAST Algorithm [12].…”
Section: Related Studymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Recently, Face Recognition (FR) has seen a breakthrough mainly thanks to the introduction of deep neural networks [1,2], thus allowing its adoption in plentiful applications [3]. Even though, there are still several open problems [4] deserving further investigation. The main challenges concern the long-standing difficulties of dealing with images acquired in unconstrained conditions [5], implying the necessity to deal with several illumination conditions, head poses, facial expressions, possible partial occlusions, and possible low image quality [6].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The main challenges concern the long-standing difficulties of dealing with images acquired in unconstrained conditions [5], implying the necessity to deal with several illumination conditions, head poses, facial expressions, possible partial occlusions, and possible low image quality [6]. Furthermore, the matter gets more difficult by the double hardness of accomplishing the recognition task dealing with large-scale databases [7], and having only a few images per subject available for the gallery/train construction, facing the so called Small Sample Size (SSS) problem, or even the extreme case when only one image is available: the Single Sample Per Person (SSPP) problem [4,8]. Such challenge is of leading interest in application such as e-passport control, law enforcement, surveillance, human-computer interaction, to name just a few.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…With the broad establishment in recent years of video surveillance systems and the billions of cameras embedded in smartphones, face analysis from images is an increasingly prevalent task for government agencies and industry alike. While face analysis has been an active research area for several decades, most of the prior work was focused on face verification/identification in relatively constrained environments (e.g., near-frontal poses and under controlled lighting conditions) [1,2].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%