A survey study on some neurological symptoms and sensations experienced by long term users of mobile phones

Balikci, Kemal; Ozcan, I. Cem; Turgut-Balık, Dilek; Balık, Hasan

doi:10.1016/j.patbio.2003.12.002

Cited by 39 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In some of the earlier cross-sectional epidemiological studies, positive associations were found (Balikci et al 2005;Chia et al 2000). Selection bias, information bias and nocebo, might have played an important role in previous epidemiological studies, but are of less concern in our cohort and change analyses except for a possible selection bias regarding mobile phone use discussed above.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Balikci et al 2005;Berg-Beckhoff et al 2009;Heinrich et al, 2011, Thomas et al 2008). The subjective symptoms (von Zerssen and HIT-6) were self-reported, but based on standardized questions.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of crude exposure proxies, like the lateral distance to the closest mobile phone base station, has been shown to be inappropriate (Bornkessel et al 2007;Frei et al 2010;Neubauer et al 2007;Schüz and Mann 2000). More sophisticated exposure assessment methods such as spot or personal measurements need considerable efforts and thus, most epidemiological studies conducted so far were of crosssectional design (Balikci et al 2005;Berg-Beckhoff et al 2009;Blettner et al 2009;Chia et al 2000;Heinrich et al, 2011;Mohler et al 2010;Thomas et al 2008), which are restricted in terms of drawing conclusions about a causal relationship between exposure and health (Seitz et al 2005). In addition, spurious exposure-outcome associations can be introduced if there is information bias or a nocebo effect, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cohort study on the effects of everyday life radio frequency electromagnetic field exposure on non-specific symptoms and tinnitus

Frei

Mohler

Braun‐Fahrländer

et al. 2012

Environment International

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Background: There is public concern regarding potential health effects of radio frequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) exposure, as produced by mobile phones or broadcast transmitters. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between RF-EMF exposure and non-specific symptoms and tinnitus in a prospective cohort study. Methods:In 2008, 1375 randomly selected participants from Basel, Switzerland, were enrolled in a questionnaire survey with follow-up after one year (participation rate 82%). A score for somatic complaints (von Zerssen list) and headache (HIT-6) was assessed. Far-field environmental RF-EMF exposure was predicted using a validated prediction model.Regarding near-field exposure, self-reported mobile and cordless phone use as well as mobile phone operator data were collected. In multivariate regression models, we investigated whether exposure at baseline (cohort analysis) or changes in exposure between baseline and follow-up (change analysis) were related to changes in health scores.Results: For participants in the top decile of environmental far-field RF-EMF exposure at baseline, in comparison to participants exposed below the median value, the change in the von Zerssen-and HIT-6-scores between baseline and follow-up was -0.12 (95%-CI: -1.79 to 1.56) and -0.37 (95%-CI: -1.80 to 1.07) units, respectively. Exposure to near-field sources and a change in exposure between baseline and follow-up were not related to non-specific symptoms. Similarly, no association between RF-EMF exposure and tinnitus was observed. Conclusions:In this first cohort study using objective and well-validated RF-EMF exposure measures, we did not observe an association between RF-EMF exposure and non-specific symptoms or tinnitus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cohort study on the effects of everyday life radio frequency electromagnetic field exposure on non-specific symptoms and tinnitus

Frei

Mohler

Braun‐Fahrländer

et al. 2012

Environment International

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“…The eye has many visual functions, such as far vision, near vision, stereopsis, contrast sensitivity function, binocular, and mono vision [8]. Light stimulates the retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptors.…”

Section: Association Between Smartphone Use and Headache And Eye Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the past, it was suggested that mobile phones may cause headache [8]. Also, blurring of vision was significantly increased in users of mobile phones who possessed mobile phone Table 2.…”

Section: Relation Betweenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation between Smartphone Use and Unilateral Ocular Pain and Headache

Kıvanç¹,

Budak²,

Ulusoy³

et al. 2017

Current Perspectives on Less-Known Aspects of Headache

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Ocular pain and headache may stem from many causes, ranging from infections and inflammations to radiating pain. Nowadays, use of smartphones may be an emerging cause of unilateral ocular pain and headache, especially in young population. In this study, we implemented a survey and examined the eyes of patients who used smartphones with 20/20 vision. The patients with normal neurologic and ear-nose-throat (ENT) examination findings comprised the study group. The age, duration of smartphone use, ocular examination findings, and results of ocular surface disease index (OSDI) were recorded. An association between smartphone use and ocular pain/headache was found. Spherical equivalent values of the patients with headache or ocular pain were significantly lower than those who had no pain. The OSDI scores of patients with ocular pain were significantly higher than others without ocular pain. Adverse effects of smartphone use on ocular surface and over accommodation induced by near vision may have an effect on the occurrence of ocular pain and headache.

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Mobile telephone use effects on peripheral audiovestibular function: A case–control study

Bamiou¹,

Ćeranić²,

Cox³

et al. 2007

Bioelectromagnetics

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Low level radio-frequency (RF) signals may produce disorientation, headache and nausea. This double blind study tested nine case-subjects, who complained of various symptoms after prolonged mobile telephone use and 21 control subjects. Each subject underwent a series of trials, in which a dummy mobile telephone exposure system was held to each ear for 30 min in (a) pulsed, (b) continuous RF emission or, (c) no emission test modes. In the active pulsed and continuous modes the same mean power as the output of a typical handset was delivered at a carrier frequency of 882 MHz and at a maximum specific absorption rate (SAR) value of 1.3 W kg(-1) (+/- 30%). In Experiment I (auditory), transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE), which assess the outer hair cells in the inner ear, were conducted. In Experiment II (vestibular) the vestibulo-ocular reflex was recorded by video-oculography (VOG), at baseline and immediately post exposure. There were no significant TEOAE changes from baseline to post-exposure recording for any of the exposures and no significant differences in the TEOAEs' change from baseline to post exposure between cases and controls. The VOG did not identify any effect of the exposure on the vestibular end organ in either cases or controls. In conclusion, 30 min exposure to mobile phone RF did not show any immediate effects on vestibulocochlear function as measured by TEOAE and the VOR.

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A survey study on some neurological symptoms and sensations experienced by long term users of mobile phones

Cited by 39 publications

References 19 publications

Cohort study on the effects of everyday life radio frequency electromagnetic field exposure on non-specific symptoms and tinnitus

Cohort study on the effects of everyday life radio frequency electromagnetic field exposure on non-specific symptoms and tinnitus

Relation between Smartphone Use and Unilateral Ocular Pain and Headache

Mobile telephone use effects on peripheral audiovestibular function: A case–control study

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