2021
DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piab103
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A Survey to Assess Serological Prevalence of Poliovirus Antibodies in Areas With High-Risk for Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus Transmission in Chad

Abstract: Background World Health Organization African region is wild poliovirus-free; however, outbreaks of vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (VDPV2) continue to expand across the continent including in Chad. We conducted a serological survey of polio antibodies in polio high-risk areas of Chad to assess population immunity against poliovirus and estimate the risk of future outbreaks. Methods This was a community-based, cross-sectiona… Show more

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Cited by 6 publications
(9 citation statements)
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“…Hygiene and level of parental education are factors that continuously arise as associations with seropositivity. [13] , [16] , [17] Using toilets at both household- and community- level facilities revealed to be a risk factor in this study; children who defecated in open fields had a higher chance of being seropositive for type 2 poliovirus, consistent with reports from Chad [13] . We hypothesize that open-field defecation can lead to exposure to poliovirus explaining the higher levels of seropositivity.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 85%
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“…Hygiene and level of parental education are factors that continuously arise as associations with seropositivity. [13] , [16] , [17] Using toilets at both household- and community- level facilities revealed to be a risk factor in this study; children who defecated in open fields had a higher chance of being seropositive for type 2 poliovirus, consistent with reports from Chad [13] . We hypothesize that open-field defecation can lead to exposure to poliovirus explaining the higher levels of seropositivity.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 85%
“…The reported values in Chad for 12–23, 24–35, 36–47, 48–59 age groups was 37 %, 48 %, 65 %, 83 %, respectively. [13] For the same age intervals, Niger reported 85 %, 85 %, 89 %, 92 %. [14] Moreover, median titers for serotype 1 were high for all age groups and increased with age for serotype 2, again consistent with studies in Chad, Borno, and Yobe provinces of Nigeria.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 94%
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“…27 Seroprevalence surveys with similar study designs have been implemented recently in Cameroon and Chad. 28 , 29 In Cameroon in 2020, a higher seroprevalence was documented against poliovirus type 1 (87%) and type 3 (79%), while the estimated coverage for third dose bOPV and IPV were similar to those in our study (70% and 69%, respectively). 28 Similarly in Chad, in 2019, the seroprevalences against type 1 (91%) and type 3 (83%) were higher than those in our study, with lower third dose bOPV (47%) and IPV (49%) coverage.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 82%
“… 28 Similarly in Chad, in 2019, the seroprevalences against type 1 (91%) and type 3 (83%) were higher than those in our study, with lower third dose bOPV (47%) and IPV (49%) coverage. 29 However, population immunity is also attributable to supplementary immunisation activities, the frequency of which differs from country to country. Our findings of low seroprevalence against type 1 and 3 in Liberia are not unexpected given the suboptimal coverage of the routine immunisation programme; however, they are substantially lower than found in Cameroon and Chad.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%