A Symbiotic Approach to Generating Stress Tolerant Crops

Redman, Regina S.; Kim, Yong Ok; Cho, Sang; Mercer, Malia; Rienstra, Melissa; Manglona, Ryan; Biaggi, Taylor; Zhou, Xin‐Gen; Chilvers, Martin I.; Gray, Zachery; Rodriguez, Russell J.

doi:10.3390/microorganisms9050920

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Besides alleviating drought stress, endophytes colonizing the inner tissues of desert plants can also protect their host plants from heat. This was observed when a combination of three endophytic strains of T. harzianum , isolated from grasses in arid habitats of the Western USA, were tested on corn and cotton (Redman et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: Fungal Plant Probiotics and Extreme Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungi beyond limits: The agricultural promise of extremophiles

Zenteno‐Alegría,

Yarzábal Rodríguez,

Ciancas Jiménez

et al. 2024

Microbial Biotechnology

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Global climate changes threaten food security, necessitating urgent measures to enhance agricultural productivity and expand it into areas less for agronomy. This challenge is crucial in achieving Sustainable Development Goal 2 (Zero Hunger). Plant growth‐promoting microorganisms (PGPM), bacteria and fungi, emerge as a promising solution to mitigate the impact of climate extremes on agriculture. The concept of the plant holobiont, encompassing the plant host and its symbiotic microbiota, underscores the intricate relationships with a diverse microbial community. PGPM, residing in the rhizosphere, phyllosphere, and endosphere, play vital roles in nutrient solubilization, nitrogen fixation, and biocontrol of pathogens. Novel ecological functions, including epigenetic modifications and suppression of virulence genes, extend our understanding of PGPM strategies. The diverse roles of PGPM as biofertilizers, biocontrollers, biomodulators, and more contribute to sustainable agriculture and environmental resilience. Despite fungi's remarkable plant growth‐promoting functions, their potential is often overshadowed compared to bacteria. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form a mutualistic symbiosis with many terrestrial plants, enhancing plant nutrition, growth, and stress resistance. Other fungi, including filamentous, yeasts, and polymorphic, from endophytic, to saprophytic, offer unique attributes such as ubiquity, morphology, and endurance in harsh environments, positioning them as exceptional plant growth‐promoting fungi (PGPF). Crops frequently face abiotic stresses like salinity, drought, high UV doses and extreme temperatures. Some extremotolerant fungi, including strains from genera like Trichoderma, Penicillium, Fusarium, and others, have been studied for their beneficial interactions with plants. Presented examples of their capabilities in alleviating salinity, drought, and other stresses underscore their potential applications in agriculture. In this context, extremotolerant and extremophilic fungi populating extreme natural environments are muchless investigated. They represent both new challenges and opportunities. As the global climate evolves, understanding and harnessing the intricate mechanisms of fungal‐plant interactions, especially in extreme environments, is paramount for developing effective and safe plant probiotics and using fungi as biocontrollers against phytopathogens. Thorough assessments, comprehensive methodologies, and a cautious approach are crucial for leveraging the benefits of extremophilic fungi in the changing landscape of global agriculture, ensuring food security in the face of climate challenges.

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Section: Fungal Plant Probiotics and Extreme Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungi beyond limits: The agricultural promise of extremophiles

Zenteno‐Alegría,

Yarzábal Rodríguez,

Ciancas Jiménez

et al. 2024

Microbial Biotechnology

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“…AMF dwelled in the host plants without effecting danger and were known to elicit the toleration of various stresses. Redman, et al [ 128 ] explained how the toleration of abiotic stresses could be stimulated via utilizing the endophytic AMF that survive in mutual associations with about 80% of plants. Furthermore, AMF have been reported to contribute to the improvement of salt tolerance, employing various methods which constitute regulating the rate of K + /Na + in plant cells, the production of growth hormones, the development of the rhizosphere and other soil conditions, the transfer of ion salts to the vacuoles, and, likewise, the promotion of photosynthetic water use effectiveness [ 129 ].…”

Section: Microbial Communities’ Beneficial Association In the Rhizosp...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungi That Promote Plant Growth in the Rhizosphere Boost Crop Growth

Adedayo

Babalola

2023

JoF

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The fungi species dwelling in the rhizosphere of crop plants, revealing functions that endeavor sustainability of the plants, are commonly referred to as ‘plant-growth-promoting fungi’ (PGPF). They are biotic inducers that provide benefits and carry out important functions in agricultural sustainability. The problem encountered in the agricultural system nowadays is how to meet population demand based on crop yield and protection without putting the environment and human and animal health at risk based on crop production. PGPF including Trichoderma spp., Gliocladium virens, Penicillium digitatum, Aspergillus flavus, Actinomucor elegans, Podospora bulbillosa, Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, etc., have proven their ecofriendly nature to ameliorate the production of crops by improving the growth of the shoots and roots of crop plants, the germination of seeds, the production of chlorophyll for photosynthesis, and the abundant production of crops. PGPF’s potential mode of action is as follows: the mineralization of the major and minor elements required to support plants’ growth and productivity. In addition, PGPF produce phytohormones, induced resistance, and defense-related enzymes to inhibit or eradicate the invasion of pathogenic microbes, in other words, to help the plants while encountering stress. This review portrays the potential of PGPF as an effective bioagent to facilitate and promote crop production, plant growth, resistance to disease invasion, and various abiotic stresses.

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“…AM live inside the host plant without causing any harm and have been reported to evoke various stress tolerances. Poveda, et al [79] showed that abiotic stress tolerance could be induced by exploiting the abundant endophytic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which exist in reciprocally beneficial relationships with about 80% of plants. Endophytes that confer tolerance are further divided into Class 1 and Class 2 [74].…”

Section: Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi In Alleviation Of Abiotic Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microorganisms in Plant Growth and Development: Roles in Abiotic Stress Tolerance and Secondary Metabolites Secretion

et al. 2022

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Crops aimed at feeding an exponentially growing population are often exposed to a variety of harsh environmental factors. Although plants have evolved ways of adjusting their metabolism and some have also been engineered to tolerate stressful environments, there is still a shortage of food supply. An alternative approach is to explore the possibility of using rhizosphere microorganisms in the mitigation of abiotic stress and hopefully improve food production. Several studies have shown that rhizobacteria and mycorrhizae organisms can help improve stress tolerance by enhancing plant growth; stimulating the production of phytohormones, siderophores, and solubilizing phosphates; lowering ethylene levels; and upregulating the expression of dehydration response and antioxidant genes. This article shows the secretion of secondary metabolites as an additional mechanism employed by microorganisms against abiotic stress. The understanding of these mechanisms will help improve the efficacy of plant-growth-promoting microorganisms.

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A Symbiotic Approach to Generating Stress Tolerant Crops

Cited by 15 publications

References 48 publications

Fungi beyond limits: The agricultural promise of extremophiles

Fungi beyond limits: The agricultural promise of extremophiles

Fungi That Promote Plant Growth in the Rhizosphere Boost Crop Growth

Microorganisms in Plant Growth and Development: Roles in Abiotic Stress Tolerance and Secondary Metabolites Secretion

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