A synergistic effect of nano‐Tio₂ and graphite on the tribological performance of epoxy matrix composites

Abstract

The influence of incorporated 300 nm TiO 2 (4 vol %), graphite (7 vol %), or combination of both fillers on the tribological performance of an epoxy resin was studied under various sliding load (10-40 N) and velocity conditions (0.2-3.0 m/s). Mechanical measurements indicated that the incorporation of TiO 2 significantly enhanced the flexural and impact strength of the neat epoxy and the graphite including epoxy. Tribological tests were conducted with a cylinder-on-flat testing rig. The incorporation of nano-TiO 2 significantly improved the wear resistance of the neat epoxy under mild sliding conditions; however, this effect was markedly diminished under severe sliding conditions (high velocity and normal load). Nano-TiO 2 reduced the coefficient of friction only under severe sliding conditions. Graphite showed a beneficial effect in reducing the wear rate and the coefficient of friction of the neat epoxy. Compared to the nano-TiO 2 -filled epoxy, the graphite-filled epoxy showed more stable wear performance with the variation of the sliding conditions, especially the normal load. A synergistic effect was found for the combination of nano-TiO 2 and graphite, which led to the lowest wear rate and coefficient of friction under the whole investigated conditions. The synergistic effect was attributed to the effective transfer films formed on sliding pair surfaces and the reinforcing effect of the nanoparticles.

Synergistic Effect of Nano-MoS2 and Anatase Nano-TiO2 on the Lubrication Properties of MoS2/TiO2 Nano-Clusters

“…A synergistic effect was found between nano-TiO 2 and graphite; this effect was ascribed to the effective transferring films on friction surfaces and the reinforcing effect of nanoparticles [26]. The lubrication of MoS 2 /TiO 2 nanoclusters can also be explained using the synergetic effect of two different additives.…”

“…TiO 2 , especially nano-TiO 2 , is a promising additive for polymers and coatings [22][23][24][25]. In addition, the synergistic lubrication effect of nano-TiO 2 and graphite in epoxy matrix composites has been studied [26].…”

Investigation of Cure Reaction, Rheology, Volume Shrinkage and Thermomechanical Properties of Nano-TiO2 Filled Epoxy/DDS Composites

“…The TiO 2 is extensively used in industry, such as additives for epoxies, plastics, and rubbers [6,[26][27][28][29][30]. Moreover, TiO 2 filled polymers are well-known antimicrobial materials [31][32][33][34][35].…”

Taguchi method to optimize the micron and submicron size cenosphere particulates filled E‐glass fiber‐reinforced vinylester composites

“…Shie showed that both wear rate and the coefficient of friction (COF) were reduced. Xian et al reported that a synergistic effect was found for the combination of nano‐TiO 2 and graphite on the tribological performance of the epoxy matrix composites, which led to the lowest COF and wear rate. Suresha and coworkers demonstrated that the lowest wear rate was obtained with nanoclay and SCF fillers.…”