N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V) catalyzes the addition of 1,6-GlcNAc branching of N-glycans, which contributes to metastasis. N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnT-III) catalyzes the formation of a bisecting GlcNAc structure in N-glycans, resulting in the suppression of metastasis. It has long been hypothesized that the suppression of GnT-V product formation by the action of GnT-III would also exist in vivo, which will consequently lead to the inhibition of biological functions of GnT-V. To test this, we draw a comparison among MKN45 cells, which were transfected with GnT-III, GnT-V, or both, respectively. We found that ␣31 integrin-mediated cell migration on laminin 5 was greatly enhanced in the case of GnT-V transfectant. This enhanced cell migration was significantly blocked after the introduction of GnT-III. Consistently, an increase in bisected GlcNAc but a decrease in 1,6-GlcNAcbranched N-glycans on integrin ␣3 subunit was observed in the double transfectants of GnT-III and GnT-V. Conversely, GnT-III knockdown resulted in increased migration on laminin 5, concomitant with an increase in 1,6-GlcNAc-branched N-glycans on the ␣3 subunit in CHP134 cells, a human neuroblastoma cell line. Therefore, in this study, the priority of GnT-III for the modification of the ␣3 subunit may be an explanation for why GnT-III inhibits GnT-V-induced cell migration. Taken together, our results demonstrate for the first time that GnT-III and GnT-V can competitively modify the same target glycoprotein and furthermore positively or negatively regulate its biological functions.Malignant transformation is accompanied by increased 1,6-GlcNAc branching of N-glycans attached to Asn-X-Ser/ Thr sequences in mature glycoproteins (1-3). N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V)3 catalyzes the addition of 1,6-linked GlcNAc (see Fig. 8
) and defines this subset of N-glycans (4, 5). A relation between GnT-V and cancer metastasis has been reported by Dennis et al. (6) and Yamashita et al. (1).Studies on transplantable tumors in mice indicate that the product of GnT-V directly contributes to the growth of cancer and subsequent metastasis (7,8). On the other hand, somatic tumor cell mutants that are deficient in GnT-V activity produce fewer spontaneous metastases and grow more slowly than wildtype cells (6, 9). The suppression of tumor growth and metastasis has been reported in GnT-V-deficient mice (3). Moreover, Partridge et al. (10) reported that GnT-V-modified N-glycans with poly-N-acetyllactosamine, the preferred ligand for galectin-3, on surface receptors oppose their constitutive endocytosis and result in promoting intracellular signaling and consequently cell migration and tumor metastasis. These results indicate that inhibition of GnT-V might be useful in the treatment of malignancies by targeting their roles in metastasis.N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnT-III) participates in the branching of N-glycans (see Fig. 8), catalyzing the formation of a unique sugar chain structure-bisecting GlcNAc (11). GnT-III is g...