A Synthetic Task Environment for Team Cognition Research

Cooke, Nancy J.; Rivera, Krisela; Shope, S.L.; Caukwell, Sara

doi:10.1177/154193129904300337

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Spatial characteristics of the task scenarios include terrain features, weather obstructions, enemy activity, target priority, and restricted operating zones (ROZ) location. These characteristics are modified via a waypoint library that defines the scenario in terms of a world of waypoints, each with varying features (Cooke, Rivera, Shope, & Caukwell, 1999). Target waypoints are waypoints at which the photographer is able to take photographs and are located within the ROZ with prescribed entry and exit points.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Teaming With a Synthetic Teammate: Insights into Human-Autonomy Teaming

Demir²,

et al. 2017

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Objective Three different team configurations are compared with the goal of better understanding human-autonomy teaming (HAT). Background Although an extensive literature on human-automation interaction exists, much less is known about HAT in which humans and autonomous agents interact as coordinated units. Further research must be conducted to better understand how all-human teams compare to HAT. Methods In an unmanned aerial system (UAS) context, a comparison was made among three types of three-member teams: (1) synthetic teams in which the pilot role is assigned to a synthetic teammate, (2) control teams in which the pilot was an inexperienced human, and (3) experimenter teams in which an experimenter served as an experienced pilot. Ten of each type of team participated. Measures of team performance, target processing efficiency, team situation awareness, and team verbal behaviors were analyzed. Results Synthetic teams performed as well at the mission level as control (all human) teams but processed targets less efficiently. Experimenter teams performed better across all other measures compared to control and synthetic teams. Conclusion Though there is potential for a synthetic agent to function as a full-fledged teammate, further advances in autonomy are needed to improve team-level dynamics in HAT teams. Application This research contributes to our understanding of how to make autonomy a good team player.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Teaming With a Synthetic Teammate: Insights into Human-Autonomy Teaming

Demir²,

et al. 2017

Self Cite

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“…Minecraft also has a history in human systems research where it has been used to study human-robot teams in a SAR environment (Bartlett and Cooke, 2015;Lematta et al, 2019). Cooke et al (1999) suggest that tasks, as opposed to technology or equipment, are what make STEs robust environments for research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing for Exploration and Exploitation in Experimental Search and Rescue Scenarios

Orth

Buchanan

Amresh

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual

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Exploration and exploitation are commonly cited in search and rescue scenarios to explain the process by which individuals work in a team and gather information about their environment (exploration) and identify potential solutions and adaptations (exploitation) to pursue successful outcomes. In this paper, we discuss exploration and exploitation as critical design features and highlight the importance of balancing them when designing team-based search and rescue missions. To test the proposed design decisions, we developed a usability study that includes two missions wherein teams consisting of three participants are tasked to rescue victims within a Minecraft-based 3D testbed.

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“…Using the operator knowledge represented in the taxonomy, we recently developed a UAV replanning task (Cook, Smallman, Lacson, & Manes, 2009) that is consistent with the key objectives and features of synthetic tasks (Cooke, Rivera, Shope, & Caukwell, 1999;Gugerty, et al, 1999;Martin, Lyon, & Schreiber, 1998): our synthetic UAV replanning task (1) focuses on the key perceptual 3-D spatial demands of en route replanning, (2) is reconfigurable for additional research, and (3) can be performed by non-expert operators.…”

Section: Codifying the Issues: Rerouting Event Taxonomy And Syntheticmentioning

confidence: 99%

When Plans Change: Task Analysis and Taxonomy of 3-D Situation Awareness Challenges of UAV Replanning

Cook¹,

Smallman²

2010

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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There are a host of human factors issues involved in operating unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The challenges facing UAV operators are intensified when dynamic mission environments require route replanning on-the-fly, under time pressure. The focus of this work is to characterize the specific 3-D spatial awareness challenges encountered during UAV replanning, in order to design display and automation interventions and assistance to support replanning. To elucidate these 3-D difficulties, we conducted a cognitive task analysis of the replanning problem with the Navy's VC-6 Squadron recently returned from Iraq. Key 3-D spatial challenges involved rationalizing complex combinations of avoiding airspace and terrain regions while simultaneously staying inside or near other airspace, target, and ground regions. Conventional UAV ground control displays did not support the integration or understanding of spatial aspects of the complex information necessary for UAV replanning. Replanning events were operationalized in terms of their 3-D spatial attributes and display requirements, and organized into a taxonomy pairing the events to replanning display interventions. A synthetic task abstraction of the key 3-D spatial replanning challenges was created, and experimentally validated. The display-to-event taxonomy guides future display designs, and experiment data and conventional displays serve as a baseline for future replanning displays.

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A Synthetic Task Environment for Team Cognition Research

Cited by 17 publications

References 2 publications

Teaming With a Synthetic Teammate: Insights into Human-Autonomy Teaming

Teaming With a Synthetic Teammate: Insights into Human-Autonomy Teaming

Designing for Exploration and Exploitation in Experimental Search and Rescue Scenarios

When Plans Change: Task Analysis and Taxonomy of 3-D Situation Awareness Challenges of UAV Replanning

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