“…Accordingly, hope has been conceptualised as a cognitive set which is built on the importance of goals (Snyder, 2000c, 1998, 1996, 1994, 1991; Snyder, Ilardi, Michael and Cheavens, 2000; Snyder et al , 1997; Lee et al , 1989; Pervin, 1989). Hope has often been seen as a unidimensional construct related to a general perception that goals can and will be met (Cantril, 1967; Erickson et al , 1975; Farber, 1968; Frank, 1973, 1968; French, 1952; Gottschalk, 1974; Lewin, 1938; Menninger, 1959; Melges and Bowlby, 1969; Mowrer, 1960; Stotland, 1969).…”