A systematic comparison of commercially produced struvite: Quantities, qualities and soil-maize phosphorus availability

Muys, Maarten; Phukan, Rishav; Brader, Günter; Samad, Abdul; Moretti, Michele; Haiden, Barbara; Pluchon, Sylvain; Roest, Kees De; Vlaeminck, Siegfried E.; Spiller, Marc

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143726

Cited by 79 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Recovery of P by precipitation of struvite (MgNH4PO4 6H2O) is of great interest. Struvite is characterized by a theoretical P content (12.6% dry weight -DW) that is similar to that of single super phosphate, and it has been shown to be an effective P fertilizer, especially in acidic environments (Muys et al 2021). This phosphorus fertilizer is a struvite product obtained from anaerobically digested sewage sludge in communal sewage treatment plants (De-Bashan and Bashan 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Phosgreen Fertilization on the Growth and Phosphorus Uptake of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa)

Jama-Rodzeńska¹

2022

IJAB

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The effect of Phosgreen fertilizer on the growth, development and biometric traits of lettuce was determined in comparison to superphosphate on two selected horticultural media. The aim of the experiment was to evaluate the effect of Phosgreen on the basis of the reaction of tested plants. Lettuce was grown on two horticultural media: mineral soil and deacidified peat. This study determined phosphorus content and uptake as a phosphorus fertilizer effect on different horticultural media. Lettuce developed and grew better on deacidified peat. Based on this study, it can be concluded that struvite is a phosphorus fertilizer with great potential and warrants further testing. A significant increase in lettuce head mass, number of leaves and rosette width under the influence of struvite was found compared to control conditions. The increase in rosette mass compared to the control was approximately 54%. The width of the rosette increased by circa 32% due to the use of Phosgreen compared to the control and by 3% compared to superphosphate. Both P content and uptake by lettuce under Phosgreen was comparable to that under superphosphate. Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd content in lettuce leaves under Phosgreen fertilization was comparable to that under superphosphate. © 2022 Friends Science Publishers

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Phosgreen Fertilization on the Growth and Phosphorus Uptake of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa)

Jama-Rodzeńska¹

2022

IJAB

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“…It is an alternative P fertilizer with valuable properties containing macro elements needed by plants [10,16,17]. This fertilizer is still not implemented as a mineral fertilizer under general EU regulations, but these are currently being revised to recommend the allowance of STR into the EU fertilizer market [18,19]. Struvite is comparable to other P fertilizers because it provides nutrients such as Mg and N, and has additional environmental benefits such as helping to reduce phosphate rock consumption and reducing P release through the discharge of treated effluent into surface and groundwater resources [11,15,18,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Various Rates of P from Alternative and Traditional Sources on Butterhead Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Grown on Peat Substrate

et al. 2021

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Previous research indicated the potential use of struvite (STR) as an alternative source of phosphorus (P) in crop production. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of STR and triple superphosphate (TSP) on the growth and chemical composition of butterhead lettuce grown on peat substrate over a three-month period (May–July). Both alternative (STR) and conventional (TSP) fertilizers were applied at three rates: (1) recommended rate based on the elemental content of substrate and crop nutritional need; (2) reduced rate (50% lower than recommended); and (3) increased rate (50% higher than recommended). Unfertilized (control) plants were also grown in the pot experiment. As expected, fertilizer application tended to increase the content of heavy metals in the substrate. Thus, an increase in Zn, Pb, and Cu content in peat substrate was found following STR amendments. However, compared with unfertilized plants, the applied rates of the STR and TSP fertilizers did not increase the content of Cd and Cu in the plant leaf, while Hg content was below the detection limit. In addition, Zn content in the plant leaf significantly decreased following STR and TSP applications. In comparison to unfertilized plants, both alternative and conventional fertilizers increased the content of P and nitrate nitrogen (N-NO3−) in the plant leaf while their effect on Mg content was negligible. The increased rate of STR was the best fertilizer treatment because it produced the largest number of leaves, which were also characterized by the highest P content. Our findings showed that STR was an effective source of P in butterhead lettuce cultivation without adverse effects on heavy metal accumulation.

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“…This result may be attributed to the insufficient standardization of the AirPrex process in terms of the initial composition of wastewater as well as pH and temperature in the precipitation reactor. As a result, the purity of struvite can be influenced by the formation of varying amounts of less available calcium phosphates instead of the readily available magnesium ammonium phosphate (Cabeza et al, 2011;Darwish et al, 2016;Muys et al, 2021). The presence of less available calcium phosphates explains also the slightly reduced P uptake of plants fertilized with PROC (Wollmann et al, 2018).…”

Section: F I G U R Ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Alt and Peters (1992), CAT extracts only the readily available phosphates, but not calcium phosphates with higher crystallinity. This explains the underestimation of plant P uptake from, for example, PROC and STR-AIRPREX, which contain abundant di-calcium phosphates, using CAT as the extractant (Berg et al, 2005;Kern et al, 2008;Muys et al, 2021). In contrast, due to the acidic and strongly buffered pH (pH 4.1), CAL overestimates plant P uptake from secondary sources containing abundant highly crystalline calcium phosphates (Alt et al, 1994), such as, for example, COM (Frossard et al, 2002).…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Availability of phosphorus recovered from waste streams to plants cultivated in soilless growing media

Hauck

Lohr

Meinken

et al. 2021

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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BackgroundUsing secondary phosphorus (P) sources recovered from waste streams for base fertilization of soilless growing media may help conserve the global phosphate resources. However, little is known regarding the plant availability of P from secondary sources for soilless plant production.AimThe objective of this study was to investigate the plant availability of P from secondary sources using a peat‐based growing medium and standard extraction methods.MethodsSeventeen secondary P sources differing in terms of feedstock and processing were tested, and their fertilization efficacy was compared with that of water‐soluble monocalcium phosphate (MCP‐P) in a pot experiment using marigolds. The correlation of plant P uptake with calcium chloride + diethylenetriaminepentaacetate (CAT) and/or calcium–acetate–lactate (CAL) extractable P amount in the growing medium (PCAT and PCAL, respectively) was examined.ResultsOnly three of the 17 tested secondary P sources (all struvite forms) exhibited comparable fertilization efficacy to MCP‐P. The remaining sources showed P uptake varying between 4% and 91% of MCP‐P. For precipitates from liquid waste streams and untreated organic waste, except for sewage sludge and compost, the P uptake ranged from 71% to 100%. The highest variability (4%–86%) was observed for thermally and thermochemically treated secondary P sources. Plant P uptake was closely correlated with PCAT (R2 = 0.76) and PCAL (R2 = 0.78), and this correlation became even stronger when PCAT and PCAL were combined (R2 = 0.89).ConclusionsMost struvite forms meet the requirements of base P fertilization for soilless plant production and can substitute water‐soluble fertilizers obtained from primary P sources. The combination of PCAT and PCAL may be a promising approach to characterize the plant availability of P from secondary sources in soilless growing media and warrants further consideration.

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A systematic comparison of commercially produced struvite: Quantities, qualities and soil-maize phosphorus availability

Cited by 79 publications

References 28 publications

The Effect of Phosgreen Fertilization on the Growth and Phosphorus Uptake of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa)

The Effect of Phosgreen Fertilization on the Growth and Phosphorus Uptake of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa)

Effect of Various Rates of P from Alternative and Traditional Sources on Butterhead Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Grown on Peat Substrate

Availability of phosphorus recovered from waste streams to plants cultivated in soilless growing media

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