A systematic literature review of the effectiveness of occupational health and safety regulatory enforcement

Tompa, Emile; Kalcevich, Christina; Foley, Michael P.; McLeod, Chris; Hogg‐Johnson, Sheilah; Cullen, Kimberley; MacEachen, Ellen; Mahood, Quenby; Irvin, Emma

doi:10.1002/ajim.22605

Cited by 71 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Other alternative designs for the evaluation of occupational health interventions have recently been proposed (83). Tompa et al (5) also reviewed the literature and used a "best evidence" synthesis to assess the strength of evidence. They concluded that there is strong evidence for several OHS policy levers in terms of reducing injuries and/or increasing compliance with legislation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used a quality appraisal protocol developed by Tompa et al (4,5) specifically for this type of review. It consists of ten items in two parts (study quality and policy lever relevance, see appendix, www.sjweh.fi/show_abstract.…”

Section: Quality Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each item was ranked on a 5-point Likert scale. The lower of the two scores from the two raters was chosen to reach the final quality score, which was grouped into high (≥70%), medium (50-70%) and low (≤50%) as also used in the noted study (5).…”

Section: Quality Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They found that the introduction of occupational safety and health (OHS) regulations did not have a clear impact on the level of occupational injuries but that penalties for violating regulations did. Tompa et al recently updated the knowledge base by reviewing the effectiveness of occupational health and safety regulatory enforcement (5). They concluded that there was strong evidence from actual inspections with penalties and moderate-to-limited evidence of no effect from inspections without penalties.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic literature review on the effects of occupational safety and health (OSH) interventions at the workplace

Andersen

Malmros²,

Ebbehoej³

et al. 2018

Scand J Work Environ Health

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This meta-analysis showed moderately strong evidence for improvement by occupational health and safety (OHS) legislation and inspections with respect to injuries and fatalities, while limited evidence is available for effects of training, campaigns and introduction of technical devices. Studies of intervention targeted at reducing psychological and musculoskeletal disorders are few and inconclusive. Further studies of the effect of OHS interventions are strongly warranted. Affiliation:Refers to the following text of the Journal: 2007;33(2):85-95Objectives The aim of this review was to assess the evidence that occupational safety and health (OSH) legislative and regulatory policy could improve the working environment in terms of reduced levels of industrial injuries and fatalities, musculoskeletal disorders, worker complaints, sick leave, and adverse occupational exposures. MethodsA systematic literature review covering the years 1966-2017 (February) was undertaken to capture both published and gray literature studies of OSH work environment interventions with quantitative measures of intervention effects. Studies that met specified in-and exclusion criteria went through an assessment of methodological quality. Included studies were grouped into five thematic domains: (i) introduction of OHS legislation, (ii) inspection/enforcement activity, (iii) training, such as improving knowledge, (iv), campaigns, and (v) introduction of technical device, such as mechanical lifting aids. The evidence synthesis was based on meta-analysis and a modified Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. ResultsThe search for peer-reviewed literature identified 14 743 journal articles of which 45 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were eligible for meta-analysis. We identified 5181 articles and reports in the gray literature, of which 16 were evaluated qualitatively. There was moderately strong evidence for improvement by OHS legislation and inspections with respect to injuries and compliance.Conclusions This review indicates that legislative and regulatory policy may reduce injuries and fatalities and improve compliance with OHS regulation. A major research gap was identified with respect to the effects of OSH regulation targeting psychological and musculoskeletal disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Quality Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Quality Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic literature review on the effects of occupational safety and health (OSH) interventions at the workplace

Andersen

Malmros²,

Ebbehoej³

et al. 2018

Scand J Work Environ Health

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“…There is uncertainty at the effectiveness of consultation and awareness programs to prevent injuries over the long term. 7–10 …”

Section: Adoption Motivatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case history introducing the oregon ag seminar series - keys to program and research-to-practice success

Harrington

Lloyd²

2017

Journal of Agromedicine

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This case history of Oregon state’s Ag Seminar Series is consistent with the Socio-Ecological Model, demonstrating how policy at a state level can influence an organizational approach with impacts that ultimately influence safety practices on the farm. From modest beginnings, the Ag Seminar Series, offered through a workers compensation insurance company, now serves over 2,300 Oregon farmers annually in English and Spanish. This case offers unique but also replicable methods for educators, insurers, and researchers in safety education, safety motivators, and research-to-practice (r2p).

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A scoping review to identify strategies that work to prevent four important occupational diseases

Keefe

Demers

Neis

et al. 2020

American J Industrial Med

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BackgroundDespite being largely preventable, many occupational diseases continue to be highly prevalent and extremely costly. Effective strategies are required to reduce their human, economic, and social impacts.MethodsTo better understand which approaches are most likely to lead to progress in preventing noise‐related hearing loss, occupational contact dermatitis, occupational cancers, and occupational asthma, we undertook a scoping review and consulted with a number of key informants.ResultsWe examined a total of 404 articles and found that various types of interventions are reported to contribute to occupational disease prevention but each has its limitations and each is often insufficient on its own. Our principal findings included: legislation and regulations can be an effective means of primary prevention, but their impact depends on both the nature of the regulations and the degree of enforcement; measures across the hierarchy of controls can reduce the risk of some of these diseases and reduce exposures; monitoring, surveillance, and screening are effective prevention tools and for evaluating the impact of legislative/policy change; the effect of education and training is context‐dependent and influenced by the manner of delivery; and, multifaceted interventions are often more effective than ones consisting of a single activity.ConclusionsThis scoping review identifies occupational disease prevention strategies worthy of further exploration by decisionmakers and stakeholders and of future systematic evaluation by researchers. It also identified important gaps, including a lack of studies of precarious workers and the need for more studies that rigorously evaluate the effectiveness of interventions.

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A systematic literature review of the effectiveness of occupational health and safety regulatory enforcement

Cited by 71 publications

References 55 publications

Systematic literature review on the effects of occupational safety and health (OSH) interventions at the workplace

Systematic literature review on the effects of occupational safety and health (OSH) interventions at the workplace

A case history introducing the oregon ag seminar series - keys to program and research-to-practice success

A scoping review to identify strategies that work to prevent four important occupational diseases

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