A systematic literature review of neuroimaging research on developmental stuttering between 1995 and 2016

Etchell, Andrew C.; Civier, Oren; Ballard, Kirrie J.; Sowman, Paul F.

doi:10.1016/j.jfludis.2017.03.007

Cited by 123 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 168 publications

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“…There is a lack of consensus about whether stuttering is primarily a disorder of language (Bernstein Ratner, 1997) or of motor coordination (Ludlow & Loucks, 2003;Max, Guenther, Gracco, Ghosh, & Wallace, 2004;Namasivayam & van Lieshout, 2011). There is also debate about the key brain regions associated with stuttering (Etchell, Civier, Ballard, & Sowman, 2018)-indeed fluent speech requires the recruitment of large-scale bilateral neural regions (Crinion, 2018). However, metaanalyses suggest several "neural signatures" of stuttering.…”

Section: Functional Associations Of the Left Frontal Aslant Tract In mentioning

confidence: 99%

The frontal aslant tract (FAT) and its role in speech, language and executive function

Dick

Garic

Graziano

et al. 2019

Cortex

206

125

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In this review, we examine the structural connectivity of a recently-identified fiber pathway, the frontal aslant tract (FAT), and explore its function. We first review structural connectivity studies using tract-tracing methods in non-human primates, and diffusion-weighted imaging and electrostimulation in humans. These studies suggest a monosynaptic connection exists between the lateral inferior frontal gyrus and the pre-supplementary and supplementary motor areas of the medial superior frontal gyrus. This connection is termed the FAT. We then review research on the left FAT's putative role in supporting speech and language function, with particular focus on speech initiation, stuttering and verbal fluency. Next, we review research on the right FAT's putative role supporting executive function, namely inhibitory control and conflict monitoring for action. We summarize the extant body of empirical work by suggesting that the FAT plays a domain general role in the planning, timing, and coordination of sequential motor movements through the resolution of competition among potential motor plans. However, we also propose some domain specialization across the hemispheres. On the left hemisphere, the circuit is proposed to be specialized for speech actions. On the right hemisphere, the circuit is proposed to be specialized for general action control of the organism, especially in the visuo-spatial domain. We close the review with a discussion of the clinical significance of the FAT, and suggestions for further research on the pathway.

show abstract

Section: Functional Associations Of the Left Frontal Aslant Tract In mentioning

confidence: 99%

The frontal aslant tract (FAT) and its role in speech, language and executive function

Dick

Garic

Graziano

et al. 2019

Cortex

206

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There is a lack of consensus about whether stuttering is primarily a disorder of language (Bernstein Ratner, 1997) or of motor coordination (Ludlow & Loucks, 2003;Max, Guenther, Gracco, Ghosh, & Wallace, 2004;Namasivayam & van Lieshout, 2011). There is also debate about the key brain regions associated with stuttering (Etchell, Civier, Ballard, & Sowman, 2018)-indeed fluent speech requires the recruitment of large-scale bilateral neural regions (Crinion, 2018). However, meta-analyses suggest several "neural signatures" of stuttering.…”

Section: Functional Associations Of the Left Frontal Aslant Tract In mentioning

confidence: 99%

The frontal aslant tract (FAT) and its role in speech, language and executive function

Dick

Garic

Graziano

et al. 2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this review, we examine the structural connectivity of a recently-identified fiber pathway, the frontal aslant tract (FAT), and explore its function. We first review structural connectivity studies using tract-tracing methods in non-human primates, and diffusion-weighted imaging and electrotimulation in humans. These studies suggest a monosynaptic connection exists between the lateral inferior frontal gyrus and the pre-supplementary and supplementary motor areas of the medial superior frontal gyrus. This connection is termed the FAT. We then review research on the left FAT's putative role in supporting speech and language function, with particular focus on speech initiation, stuttering, verbal fluency and language more broadly. Next, we review research on the right FAT's putative role supporting executive function, namely inhibitory control and conflict monitoring. We summarize the extant body of empirical work by suggesting that the FAT plays a domain general role in the planning, timing, and coordination of sequential motor movements, and in the resolution of competition among possible cognitive and motor plans. However, we also propose some domain specialization across the hemispheres. On the left hemisphere, the circuit is proposed to be specialized for speech actions. On the right hemisphere, the circuit is proposed to be specialized for general action control of the organism, especially in the visuo-spatial domain. We close the review with a discussion of the clinical significance of the FAT, and suggestions for further research on the pathway.

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“…Structurally, stuttering is related to several abnormalities in cortical and subcortical brain areas such as the Broca’s area (BA 44, 45), the basal ganglia, supplementary motor area, and parasylvian cortex ( Gordon, 2002 ; Büchel and Sommer, 2004 ; Chang et al, 2009 ; Loucks et al, 2011 ; Sowman et al, 2017 ) which can be linked to mechanistic explanations proposed to account for stuttering such as auditory–speech dysfunction ( Liotti et al, 2010 ; Jansson-Verkasalo et al, 2014 ) and also a speech–motor impairment ( Neilson and Neilson, 1987 ). More recently, neural network-based investigations of stuttering have begun to provide a possible integrative account that might account for the large number of brain-based anomalies (for review see: Brown et al, 2005 ; Budde et al, 2014 ; Belyk et al, 2015 ; Etchell et al, 2017 ) now associated with stuttering.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for a Resting State Network Abnormality in Adults Who Stutter

Ghaderi

Andevari

Sowman

2018

Front. Integr. Neurosci.

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Neural network-based investigations of stuttering have begun to provide a possible integrative account for the large number of brain-based anomalies associated with stuttering. Here we used resting-state EEG to investigate functional brain networks in adults who stutter (AWS). Participants were 19 AWS and 52 age-, and gender-matched normally fluent speakers. EEGs were recorded and connectivity matrices were generated by LORETA in the theta (4–8 Hz), alpha (8–12 Hz), beta1 (12–20 Hz), and beta2 (20–30 Hz) bands. Small-world propensity (SWP), shortest path, and clustering coefficients were computed for weighted graphs. Minimum spanning tree analysis was also performed and measures were compared by non-parametric permutation test. The results show that small-world topology was evident in the functional networks of all participants. Three graph indices (diameter, clustering coefficient, and shortest path) exhibited significant differences between groups in the theta band and one [maximum betweenness centrality (BC)] measure was significantly different between groups in the beta2 band. AWS show higher BC than control in right temporal and inferior frontal areas and lower BC in the right primary motor cortex. Abnormal functional networks during rest state suggest an anomaly of DMN activity in AWS. Furthermore, functional segregation/integration deficits in the theta network are evident in AWS. These deficits reinforce the hypothesis that there is a neural basis for abnormal executive function in AWS. Increased beta2 BC in the right speech–motor related areas confirms previous evidence that right audio–speech areas are over-activated in AWS. Decreased beta2 BC in the right primary motor cortex is discussed in relation to abnormal neural mechanisms associated with time perception in AWS.

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A systematic literature review of neuroimaging research on developmental stuttering between 1995 and 2016

Cited by 123 publications

References 168 publications

The frontal aslant tract (FAT) and its role in speech, language and executive function

The frontal aslant tract (FAT) and its role in speech, language and executive function

The frontal aslant tract (FAT) and its role in speech, language and executive function

Evidence for a Resting State Network Abnormality in Adults Who Stutter

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