A Systematic Review and Integrated Bioinformatic Analysis of Candidate Genes and Pathways in the Endometrium of Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome During the Implantation Window

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disorder with wide-ranging clinical heterogeneity that causes infertility. However, the comprehensive molecular mechanisms of PCOS in causing infertility is remaining unclear. Hence, a comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, EBSCOhost, and Science Direct. Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms like PCOS, gene expression, implantation window and endometrium were used as the keywords. From 138 studies retrieved, original articles with RNA profiling on human endometrial tissues in PCOS women during the implantation window were included. Study design, sample size, sample type, method, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from all publications. The DEGs were analyzed using the software packages DAVID, STRING, and Cytoscape. Three studies that met inclusion criteria were included, and 368 DEGs were identified. Twelve significant clusters from the protein-protein interaction network (PPI) complex were found, and cluster 1 showed very high intermolecular interactions. Five candidate genes (AURKA, CDC25C, KIF23, KIF2C, and NDC80) were identified from the systematic review and integrated bioinformatics analysis. It is concluded that cell cycle is the fundamental biological processes that were dysregulated in the endometrium of PCOS women, affecting decidualization progression in the endometrium during the implantation window.

Inflammatory uterine microenvironment in long-term infertility repeat breeder cows compared with normal fertile cows

“…Among these, CDC25C was identified as the molecule that increased the most in the uterine tissues of RBCs. CDC25C is a conserved protein that is important for regulating cell division, directing the dephosphorylation of cyclin B-bound CDC2, and triggering entry into mitosis ( Sutaji et al, 2022 ). CDC25C is essential for the successful progression of endometrial decidualization during the implantation window ( Wang et al, 2010 ).…”

“…CDC25C is essential for the successful progression of endometrial decidualization during the implantation window ( Wang et al, 2010 ). Sutaji et al (2022) reported that five candidate genes, including CDC25C, were identified as dysregulated molecules in the endometrium of polycystic ovary syndrome by systematic review and bioinformatics analysis. In bovine subclinical endometritis, commonly observed in RBCs, cell cycle-related genes were differentially regulated in endometrial tissues ( Hoelker et al, 2012 ).…”

Analysis of HIF2α polymorphisms in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome or unexplained infertility

“…Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disorder with wide-ranging clinical heterogeneity that causes infertility, insulin resistance and impaired glucose metabolism. However, the comprehensive molecular mechanisms of PCOS in causing infertility remain unclear ( 6 ). Unexplained infertility (UI) means the inability of couples to become pregnant after a year without obvious male or female infertility factors.…”