“…Nevertheless, the anticholinergic medicine is increasingly inappropriate for long-term therapy of NDO and IOAB, which is reflected in the unsatisfied effect and potential complications such as vesicoureteral reflux and even renal failure (Majumdar, 2004;Asimakopoulos et al, 2012), and also the high socioeconomic cost is considerable. Therefore, metaanalyses (Cui et al, 2013;Mehta et al, 2013;Cui et al, 2015;Sun et al, 2015;Zhang et al, 2015;Zhou et al, 2015;Cheng et al, 2016;Gu et al, 2017) evaluating the therapeutic effect of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) on UI in OAB patients have increased as well as the relevant RCTs in recent years, in which the BTX-A demonstrated a satisfied clinical benefit. (Flynn et al, 2004;Kessler et al, 2005;Kuo, 2005;Popat et al, 2005;Rajkumar et al, 2005;Schulte-Baukloh et al, 2005;Schmid et al, 2006) Furthermore, the BTX-A is recommended for management of UI in OAB patient by the American Urological Association (AUA) guidelines (Gormley et al, 2015), and the other interventions consist of education and behavior therapies.…”