A systematic review and meta-analysis on prevalence and epidemiological risk factors of zoonotic Fascioliasis infection among the ruminants in Bangladesh

Abstract

The parasitic Fascioliasis is a zoonotic and economically significant disease for livestock and humans, creating public health concerns around the world, including in Bangladesh. Populations of Bangladesh are more vulnerable to this parasitic infestation for their intimate interactions. To tackles the adverse effects on humans from food animals, it is exigency to know the exact prevalence and associated risk factors of zoonotic Fascioliasis among ruminants. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the authentic knowledge of potential risk factors and prevalence among livestock populations. Four globally recognized databases, including Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar, along with local databases, were used to search the related studies since 2000. A total of 38 studies were selected for the meta-analysis, and the pooled prevalence of Fascioliasis was found at 20% (95 % CI: 15–25). A subgroup analysis was also performed for: species, age, sex, study duration, and sample size. The prevalence rate was found highest in cattle and sheep at 21% (95 % CI: 15–27), female individuals at 26% (95 % CI: 16–35), aged animals at 26% (95 % CI: 15–36), and rainy season at 25% (95 % CI: 16–34). This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis in Bangladesh that offers a comprehensive picture of the prevalence of Fascioliasis in ruminants and possible risk factors. Thus, this study will assist the government, policymakers, and veterinarians in implementing effective control measures by providing more detailed information about outbreak patterns.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Ovine and Caprine Fasciolosis in the Last 20 Years in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…The results showed that sheep had higher (34.74%) rates of infection with fasciolosis than goats (25.41%). These results are consistent with the study of Mia et al [35]. The lifestyles of sheep and goats are different.…”

“…The prevalence of females (48.33%) was higher than males (29.54%) This result is similar to the study in Bangladesh. The reason is that high stress during the parturition period may decrease individual immunity, the one with lower immunity may infect disease more susceptibility [35]. Thus, more attention should be paid to monitoring female animals for promoting the prevention and control of fasciolosis.…”

Seasonal Occurrence of Cattle Fascioliasis in Kelantan, Malaysia

“…The study of climatic factors showed that there were significant positive correlations between cattle fascioliasis and rainfall and humidity and negative correlations with evaporation. These results were in agreement with a systematic review on prevalence and epidemiological risk factors of fascioliasis in Bangladesh, which reported a higher prevalence in the rainy season [ 22 ]. During the rainy season, the watery area and humidity favours the growth of snails, which are intermediate hosts for the miracidia to develop into cercariae.…”

Door-to-door livestock treatment in Boyolali Regency: Ruminant health evaluation strategy in Household Farms

“…Infestasi Fasciola sp. pada sapi perlu diperhatikan karena bersifat zoonosis dan menular cepat terutama pada sapi dengan konsumsi pakan hijauan alami tercemar metaserkaria (Mehmood et al, 2017;Mia et al, 2021). Metaserkaria merupakan fase infektif dari parasit kelas Trematoda yang apabila termakan oleh ternak akan menyebabkan infeksi.…”