A systematic review and qualitative synthesis of adolescents’ views of sexual readiness

Templeton, Michelle; Kelly, Carmel; Lundy, Laura

doi:10.1111/jan.13207

Cited by 19 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…However the influence of peer support, pressure and communication may be of significant importance to the timing of sexual initiation and this warrants further investigation. Templeton et al [ 58 ] emphasise that a key form of social learning comes from sexual scripts. These originate from adult discourses and are shared among peers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example if adolescents perceive that most of their peers are having sex, they are more likely to report intention to initiate, and also to initiate themselves [ 59 ]. Normalisation of sexual behaviours based on peer approval, peer pressure and a desire for social inclusion, are key aspects influencing adolescents to engage in sexual activity [ 58 ]. Adolescents living in rural areas were more likely to report very early initiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When deciding whether to initiate sex, adolescents may focus on the positive rewards that sex brings (i.e., intimacy, fun, emotional attachment). Even when knowledgeable about the risks, some young people may not refrain from sex to avoid potential negative outcomes [ 58 ]. The findings highlight that sexual health is a salient public health issue for health educators, practitioners and policy makers across Ireland.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sexual intercourse, age of initiation and contraception among adolescents in Ireland: findings from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) Ireland study

2018

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BackgroundThe need to tackle sexual health problems and promote positive sexual health has been acknowledged in Irish health policy. Young people’s sexual behaviour however remains under-researched with limited national data available.MethodsThis study presents the first nationally representative and internationally comparable data on young people’s sexual health behaviours in Ireland. Self-complete questionnaire data were collected from 4494 schoolchildren aged 15–18 years as part of a broader examination of health behaviour and their context. The prevalence of sexual initiation, very early sexual initiation (< 14 years) and non-condom use at last intercourse are reported and used as outcomes in separate multilevel logistic regression models examining associations between sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle characteristics and young people’s sexual behaviours.ResultsOverall, 25.7% of boys and 21.2% of girls were sexually initiated. Older age was consistently predictive of initiation for both boys and girls, as were alcohol, tobacco and cannabis involvement, living in poorer neighbourhoods and having good communication with friends. Involvement in music and drama was protective. Very early sexual initiation (< 14 years) was reported by 22.8% of sexually initiated boys and 13.4% of sexually initiated girls, and was consistently associated with rural living, cannabis involvement and bullying others for both. Boys’ very early initiation was predicted by alcohol involvement, receiving unhealthy food from parents and taking medication for psychological symptoms, whereas better communication with friends and more experience of negative health symptoms were protective. Girls’ very early initiation was predicted by being bullied and belonging to a non-Traveller community, whereas taking medication for physical symptoms and attending regular health checks was protective. Condom use was reported by 80% of sexually initiated students at last intercourse. Boys’ condom use was associated with older age, higher family affluence, bullying others, more frequent physical activity and health protective behaviours. For girls, condom use was predicted by belonging to a non-Traveller community, healthy food consumption, higher quality of life and being bullied, whereas taking medication for physical and psychological symptoms was associated with non-condom use.ConclusionsThese nationally representative research findings highlight the importance of focusing on young people as a distinct population subgroup with unique influences on their sexual health requiring targeted interventions and policy.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-018-5217-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sexual intercourse, age of initiation and contraception among adolescents in Ireland: findings from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) Ireland study

2018

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“…Other quantitative and qualitative studies brought evidence that a sexual double standard persisted among young people. For the same sexual behaviours, males would be socially rewarded, while females would more likely be blamed (Hird and Jackson 2001;Shoveller et al 2004;Marston and King 2006;Kreager and Staff 2009;Kreager et al 2016;Templeton et al 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Qualitative investigations demonstrated the complexity of decision-making process, which is influenced by dominant gender norms of masculinity and femininity, career aspirations, ethnic identity, and age (Templeton et al 2017). Early sexual initiation has been associated with pressure and the feeling of regret.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative feelings about the timing of first sexual intercourse: findings from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study

Moreau

Költő

Young

et al. 2018

Int J Public Health

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The effects of aftercare/resettlement services on crime and violence in children and youth: A systematic review

Wong,

Lee,

Beck

2024

Campbell Systematic Reviews

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BackgroundHigh rates of youth re‐offending indicate that young custody‐leavers face challenges when reintegrating into their communities. Aftercare and resettlement programs can occur pre‐, during, and post‐release and generally provide multiple forms of support services to address youths' transitional needs.ObjectivesThe present review examines (1) the impact of youth aftercare/resettlement programs on crime‐related outcomes, (2) how treatment effect is moderated by participant, program, and study characteristics, (3) whether some types of interventions are more effective than others, (4) barriers/facilitators to effective program implementation, (5) the theory of change underlying resettlement interventions, and (6) available research on intervention cost.Search MethodsA comprehensive set of keywords and synonyms was combined in a Boolean search across 26 electronic databases. Multiple gray literature sources were also searched, including 23 journals, 4 meeting archives, 11 organization websites, 3 open access journal websites, and the CVs of 8 well‐known researchers in the field. The search was completed in January 2023.Selection CriteriaFor objectives 1–3, studies were included if they utilized a randomized controlled design or quasi‐experimental comparison group design in which participants were matched on at least some baseline variables and included at least one quantitative individual‐measure of crime. For objective 4, included studies presented process evaluations of aftercare/reentry programs, clearly stated their research goals, and used qualitative methods in an appropriate way to answer the stated research question. For objectives 5 and 6, no specific methods were required; any study meeting the criteria for objectives 1–4 which presented findings on theory of change or cost data were included. For all outcomes, only studies conducted in a westernized country, and published after 1991 in English, French, or German were considered.Data Collection and AnalysisTwo coders conducted primary data extraction for the included studies. Data were entered into a Microsoft Excel database. After data extraction, the two coders validated the coding by cross‐checking the database with each research report. Discrepancies between coders were discussed until consensus was reached. Where consensus could not be reached, a third coder was consulted. Study risk of bias was addressed using the ROBINS‐I (Sterne et al., 2016), ROB‐2 (Higgins et al., 2019), and the critical appraisal skills programme (CASP, 2018). Objectives 1–3 were addressed by synthesizing quantitative outcomes from rigorous impact evaluations of aftercare interventions using random effects models and meta‐regression. Thematic and narrative analysis was conducted to address objectives 4–6.ResultsThe search resulted in 15 impact studies, representing 4,718 participants across 21 program sites, and 35 effect sizes. The 21 impact evaluations were rated as having either low/moderate bias (k = 11) or serious bias (k = 10). The synthesis of 15 impact studies found no significant effects for arrest (k = 14; OR = 1.044, 95% prediction interval [0.527, 2.075], t = 0.335) or incarceration (k = 8, OR = 0.806, 95% prediction interval [2.203, 1.433], t = −1.674). A significant pooled effect was found for conviction (k = 13, OR = 1.209, 95% prediction interval [1.000, 1.462], t = 2.256), but results were highly sensitive to the inclusion of specific studies. No meaningful pattern of results emerged in moderator analyses with respect to study, sample, program component, or program delivery characteristics. The 19 process studies were rated as either high quality (k = 12) or moderate quality (k = 7). Thematic synthesis of the process evaluations revealed 15 themes related to the strengths/challenges of program implementation. The assessment of program cost (k = 7) determined a lack of data within the literature, preventing any summative analysis.Authors' ConclusionsCurrent evidence is promising with respect to conviction outcomes but overall does not find that aftercare/resettlement interventions have a reliably positive impact on crime‐related outcomes for young people who have offended. High variability across outcomes and reported data resulted in small sample sizes per outcome and limited moderator analyses. Multiple challenges for program implementation exist; additional rigorous research is sorely needed to further investigate the nuances of the program effects.

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A systematic review and qualitative synthesis of adolescents’ views of sexual readiness

Abstract: Aim: To synthesise the qualitative evidence investigating adolescents' views on heterosexual readiness.Background: Adolescents' understandings of sexual readiness are often missing in research

Cited by 19 publications

References 51 publications

Sexual intercourse, age of initiation and contraception among adolescents in Ireland: findings from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) Ireland study

Sexual intercourse, age of initiation and contraception among adolescents in Ireland: findings from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) Ireland study

Negative feelings about the timing of first sexual intercourse: findings from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study

The effects of aftercare/resettlement services on crime and violence in children and youth: A systematic review

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