“…This method was designed to assist students in achieving the goals of learning and cooperation with others while working together as a team (Haidet, Kubitz, & McCormack, 2014;Hemmati Maslakpak, Parizad, & Zareie, 2015). Developed in 1980s by Larry Michaelsen in the United States, TBL has been widely applied in higher education programs, such as nursing, medicine, pharmacy, dentistry and allied health education (Cheng, Liou, Tsai, & Chang, 2014;Haidet et al, 2014;River, Currie, Crawford, Betihavas, & Randall, 2016). TBL appears to be a strategy that confers strong pedagogical benefits for teaching applied pathophysiology (bioscience) to nursing students (Branney & Priego-Hernandez, 2018).…”