A systematic review of age and gender factors in prolonged post-concussion symptoms after mild head injury

King, Nigel

doi:10.3109/02699052.2014.954271

Cited by 75 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Sex, psychiatric history (present/absent), and compensationseeking status (at time 1) were entered as covariates because of their well-documented association with MTBI outcome. 30,31 The overall model was significant (χ 2 = 10.03, P = .018). Female sex (OR = 4.40; 95% CI, 1.10-14.99) and a positive psychiatric history (OR = 5.90; 95% CI, 1.29-27.03) were independently associated with high symptoms 1 year after MTBI.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

The Nature and Clinical Significance of Preinjury Recall Bias Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Silverberg¹,

Brubacher²,

Holland³

et al. 2016

Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

The Nature and Clinical Significance of Preinjury Recall Bias Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Silverberg¹,

Brubacher²,

Holland³

et al. 2016

Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation

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“…It is an 8-point ordinal scale divided into upper and lower levels of good recovery (7, 8), moderate disability (5, 6), severe disability (3, 4), vegetative state (2), and death (1). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a systematic review, Silverberg et al (7) found that potential contributors include preinjury factors (demographic variables including female gender (8), advanced age (8), being single, lower education, poor preinjury health, preinjury functioning, and low level of resilience), injury-related factors (mechanism of injury, severity of MTBI in terms of longer posttraumatic amnesia (PTA) duration, lower Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, and loss of consciousness (LOC), and alcohol intoxication), and postinjury coexistence of pain, posttraumatic stress, anxiety and depression, and negative expectations (7). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Outcome 12 Months after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Patients Admitted to a Neurosurgery Service

et al. 2017

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ObjectiveAccurate outcome prediction models for patients with mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) are key for prognostic assessment and clinical decision-making. Using multivariate machine learning, we tested the unique and added predictive value of (1) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based brain morphometric and volumetric characterization at 4-week postinjury and (2) demographic, preinjury, injury-related, and postinjury variables on 12-month outcomes, including global functioning level, postconcussion symptoms, and mental health in patients with MTBI.MethodsA prospective, cohort study of patients (n = 147) aged 16–65 years with a 12-month follow-up. T1-weighted 3 T MRI data were processed in FreeSurfer, yielding accurate cortical reconstructions for surface-based analyses of cortical thickness, area, and volume, and brain segmentation for subcortical and global brain volumes. The 12-month outcome was defined as a composite score using a principal component analysis including the Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended, Rivermead Postconcussion Questionnaire, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Using leave-one-out cross-validation and permutation testing, we tested and compared three prediction models: (1) MRI model, (2) clinical model, and (3) MRI and clinical combined.ResultsWe found a strong correlation between observed and predicted outcomes for the clinical model (r = 0.55, p < 0.001). The MRI model performed at the chance level (r = 0.03, p = 0.80) and the combined model (r = 0.45, p < 0.002) were slightly weaker than the clinical model. Univariate correlation analyses revealed the strongest association with outcome for postinjury factors of posttraumatic stress (Posttraumatic Symptom Scale-10, r = 0.61), psychological distress (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, r = 0.52), and widespread pain (r = 0.43) assessed at 8 weeks.ConclusionWe found no added predictive value of MRI-based measures of brain cortical morphometry and subcortical volumes over and above demographic and clinical features.

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“…For example, conservative estimates of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in team ball sports such as soccer and basketball report females having 2–3 times greater numbers of ACL injuries than males 9–11. Similarly, several systematic reviews have reported sex differences in reported concussion incidence,12–16 risk factors13 17 18 and outcomes 12 19 20. In light of these findings, in other sports it is reasonable to think that there may be differences in the types of injuries sustained by male and female participants of AF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Priorities for injury prevention in women's Australian football: a compilation of national data from different sources

Fortington

Finch

2016

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med

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Background/aimParticipation in Australian football (AF) has traditionally been male dominated and current understanding of injury and priorities for prevention are based solely on reports of injuries in male players. There is evidence in other sports that indicates that injury types differ between males and females. With increasing participation in AF by females, it is important to consider their specific injury and prevention needs. This study aimed to provide a first injury profile from existing sources for female AF.MethodsCompilation of injury data from four prospectively recorded data sets relating to female AF: (1) hospital admissions in Victoria, 2008/09–13/14, n=500 injuries; (2) emergency department (ED) presentations in Victoria, 2008/09–2012/13, n=1,879 injuries; (3) insurance claims across Australia 2004–2013, n=522 injuries; (4) West Australian Women's Football League (WAWFL), 2014 season club data, n=49 injuries. Descriptive results are presented as injury frequencies, injury types and injury to body parts.ResultsHospital admissions and ED presentations were dominated by upper limb injuries, representing 47% and 51% of all injuries, respectively, primarily to the wrist/hand at 32% and 40%. Most (65%) insurance claim injuries involved the lower limb, 27% of which were for knee ligament damage. A high proportion of concussions (33%) were reported in the club-collected data.ConclusionsThe results provide the first compilation of existing data sets of women's AF injuries and highlight the need for a rigorous and systematic injury surveillance system to be instituted.

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A systematic review of age and gender factors in prolonged post-concussion symptoms after mild head injury

Abstract: Older age and female gender are vulnerability factors in the development of prolonged PCS. The main clinical implications are for how early intervention and reassurance are best provided.

Cited by 75 publications

References 45 publications

The Nature and Clinical Significance of Preinjury Recall Bias Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

The Nature and Clinical Significance of Preinjury Recall Bias Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Predicting Outcome 12 Months after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Patients Admitted to a Neurosurgery Service

Priorities for injury prevention in women's Australian football: a compilation of national data from different sources

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