A Systematic Review of Dynamometry and its Role in Hand Trauma Assessment

Mafi, Pouya; Mafi, R; Hindocha, Sandip; Griffin, Marty; Khan, WS

doi:10.2174/1874325001206010095

Cited by 25 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 90 publications

(94 reference statements)

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“…Hand grip dynamometry is one of the screening procedures measuring fitness in a normal population. Hand grip strength can predict vitality, the nutritional state of an individual, as well as possible functional bodily failure [ 37 , 38 ]. A Collin dynamometer, a type of closed steel spring dynamometer, was used for testing grip strength.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower performance of Toxoplasma-infected, Rh-negative subjects in the weight holding and hand-grip tests

et al. 2018

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BackgroundToxoplasma, a protozoan parasite of cats, infects many species of intermediate and paratenic hosts, including about one-third of humans worldwide. After a short phase of acute infection, the tissue cysts containing slowly dividing bradyzoites are formed in various organs and toxoplasmosis proceeds spontaneously in its latent form. In immunocompetent subjects, latent toxoplasmosis was considered asymptomatic. However, dozens of studies performed on animals and humans in the past twenty years have shown that it is accompanied by a broad spectrum of specific behavioural, physiological and even morphological changes. In human hosts, the changes often go in the opposite direction in men and women, and are mostly weaker or non-existent in Rh-positive subjects.MethodsHere, we searched for the indices of lower endurance of the infected subjects by examining the performance of nearly five hundred university students tested for toxoplasmosis and Rh phenotype in two tests, a weight holding test and a grip test.ResultsThe results confirmed the existence of a negative association of latent toxoplasmosis with the performance of students, especially Rh-negative men, in these tests. Surprisingly, but in an accordance with some already published data, Toxoplasma-infected, Rh-positive subjects expressed a higher, rather than lower, performance in our endurance tests.DiscussionTherefore, the results only partly support the hypothesis for the lower endurance of Toxoplasma infected subjects as the performance of Rh-positive subjects (representing majority of population) correlated positively with the Toxoplasma infection.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower performance of Toxoplasma-infected, Rh-negative subjects in the weight holding and hand-grip tests

et al. 2018

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“…Postural tremor occurs when the subject is unable to maintain the limb in steady position (Anouti and Koller, 1995), while intention tremor is the “target-directed movements” and occurs at the end of the voluntary movements (McCreary et al, 2018). Several studies have described hand dynamometer as a reliable instrument to measure hand muscle and grip strength; however, the result could vary due to the type of the dynamometer, the distance from the joint, and shoulder/elbow position (Mafi et al, 2012). Moreover, the correlation between muscle strength and tremor in neurological diseases remains debated (Deuschl et al, 1998; Ozer et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hand dynamometer measures the maximal isometric hand grip strength (Mafi et al, 2012). We used two different types of hand dynamometer, three digital hand dynamometers (Camry digital, South El Monte, USA), and three manual ones (Baseline, New York, USA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Divers’ Neuropsychometric Effectiveness and High-Pressure Neurological Syndrome via Computerized Test Battery Package and Questionnaires in Operational Setting

et al. 2019

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Introduction: When divers are compressed to water depths deeper than 150 meter sea water (msw), symptoms of high-pressure neurological syndrome (HPNS) might appear due to rapid increase in pressure on the central nervous system during compression. The aim of this study was to first operate a new computerized tool, designed to monitor divers’ wellbeing and cognitive function, and to record the results. The second aim was to evaluate the feasibility and validity of the Physiopad software and HPNS questionnaires as a new tool for monitoring divers wellbeing in an operational setting, including sensible visualization and presentation of results.Methods: The Physiopad was operated onboard Deep Arctic (TechnipFMC Diving Support Vessel). The diving work was performed between 180 and 207 msw. The data from 46 divers were collected from the HPNS questionnaires, Hand dynamometry test, Critical Flicker Fusion Frequency test (CFFF), Adaptive Visual Analog Scale (AVAS), Simple Math Process (MathProc test), Perceptual Vigilance Task (PVT), and Time Estimation Task (time-wall).Result: Diver’s subjective evaluation revealed different symptoms, possibly also HPNS related, which lasted from 1 to 5 days in storage, with the common duration being 1 day. The results from Physiopad battery testing showed no signs of significant neurological alteration.Conclusion: The present study showed that there was no association between subjective measurements of HPNS and neuropsychometric test results. We also confirmed the feasibility of using the computerized test battery to monitor saturation divers at work. The HPNS battery and Physiopad software could be an important tool for monitoring diver’s health in the future. This tool was not used during the Bahr Essalam project to operationally evaluate any HPNS effect on divers as data analysis was performed post-project.

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“…6 Subjects were asked to take 2 seconds to come to maximum effort, maintain this effort for 5 seconds, and then relax. The measurements immediately prior to interscalene nerve block placement were designated baseline measurements, and all subsequent measurements are expressed as a percentage of the pre-injection baseline.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound-Guided Root/Trunk (Interscalene) Block for Hand and Forearm Anesthesia

Madison

Humsi

Loland

et al. 2013

Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine

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Background Historically, the anterolateral interscalene block—deposition of local anesthetic adjacent to the brachial plexus roots/trunks—has been used for surgical procedures involving the shoulder. The resulting block frequently failed to provide surgical anesthesia of the hand and forearm, even though the brachial plexus at this level included all of the axons of the upper extremity terminal nerves. However, it remains unknown whether deposition of local anesthetic adjacent to the seventh cervical root or inferior trunk results in anesthesia of the hand and forearm. Methods Using ultrasound guidance and a needle-in-plane posterior approach, a Tuohy needle was positioned with the tip located between the deepest and next-deepest visualized brachial plexus root/trunk, followed by injection of mepivacaine (1.5%). Grip strength and the tolerance to cutaneous electrical current in 5 terminal nerve distributions were measured at baseline and then every 5 minutes following injection for a total of 30 minutes. The primary end point was the proportion of cases in which the interscalene nerve block resulted in a decrease in grip strength of at least 90%, and hand and forearm anesthesia (tolerance to >50 mA of current in all 5 terminal nerve distributions) within 30 minutes. The primary hypothesis was that a single-injection interscalene brachial plexus block produces a similar rate of anesthesia of the hand and forearm to the published success rate of 95% for other brachial plexus block approaches. Results Of 55 subjects with blocks placed per protocol, all had a successful block of the shoulder as defined by inability to abduct at the shoulder joint. Thirty-three subjects had measurements at 30 minutes following local anesthetic deposition, and only 5 (15%) of these subjects had a surgical block of the hand and forearm (P < 0.0001; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 6–33%). We therefore reject the hypothesis that the interscalene block as performed in this study provides equivalent anesthesia to the hand and forearm compared with other brachial plexus block techniques. Block failures of the hand and forearm were due to inadequate cutaneous anesthesia of the ulnar (n = 27; 82%), median (n = 26; 78%), or radial (n = 22; 67%) distributions; the medial forearm (n = 25; 76%), and/or the lateral forearm (n = 14; 42%). Failure to achieve at least a 90% reduction in grip strength occurred in 16 subjects (48%). Conclusions This study did not find evidence to support the hypothesis that local anesthetic injected adjacent to the deepest brachial plexus roots/trunks reliably results in surgical anesthesia of the hand and forearm.

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A Systematic Review of Dynamometry and its Role in Hand Trauma Assessment

Cited by 25 publications

References 90 publications

Lower performance of Toxoplasma-infected, Rh-negative subjects in the weight holding and hand-grip tests

Lower performance of Toxoplasma-infected, Rh-negative subjects in the weight holding and hand-grip tests

Evaluation of Divers’ Neuropsychometric Effectiveness and High-Pressure Neurological Syndrome via Computerized Test Battery Package and Questionnaires in Operational Setting

Ultrasound-Guided Root/Trunk (Interscalene) Block for Hand and Forearm Anesthesia

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