A systematic review of ETEC epidemiology focusing on colonization factor and toxin expression

Isidean, Sandra D.; Riddle, Mark S.; Savarino, Stephen J.; Porter, Chad K.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.06.084

Cited by 244 publications

(211 citation statements)

References 154 publications

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“…Some atypical EPEC strains express the intimin-mediated localized adherence-like pattern [12]. ETEC has two major virulence associated factors, the heat-stable (ST) and/or heat-labile (LT) enterotoxins, and several antigenic fimbriae known as colonization factors (CFs) [13]. EAEC are defined as strains that do not secrete elt or sta gene products and that adhere to HEp-2 cells in an aggregativeadherence (AA) pattern [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli pathotypes isolated from children with diarrhea in the Federal Capital Territory Abuja, Nigeria

Ifeanyi

Ikeneche

Bassey

et al. 2015

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Escherichia coli are frequently isolated from diarrheic children in the Federal Capital Territory Abuja, Nigeria, but their virulent properties are not routinely evaluated. Therefore, the etiology of childhood diarrheal disease attributable to diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) in Abuja, Nigeria remains unknown. Methodology: Stool specimens from 400 acute diarrheic children between 0 and 60 months of age were studied.E. coli strains isolated were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for nine virulence genes and HEp-2 cell adherence to detect and identify five distinct diarrheagenic E. coli categories. Results: Diarrheagenic E.coli was detected in 51 (12.8%) of the diarrheic children. The observed DEC pathotypes were enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) in 18 (4.5%) children, enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) in 16 (4.0%), enteroaggrative E. coli (EAEC) in 8 (2.0%), enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) in 6 (1.5%), and enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) in 3 (0.8%). Four (1.0 %) EPEC strains with only the eae+ gene that adhered diffusely to HEp-2 cell were identified as atypical EPEC. All the DEC categories except atypical EPEC were identified in children between 6 and 12 months of age. Conclusions: This study underscores the need for routine evaluation of diarrheic children for virulence properties of infectious DEC. Atypical EPEC are emerging among the DEC pathotypes isolated from childhood acute gastroenteritis in Abuja, Nigeria.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli pathotypes isolated from children with diarrhea in the Federal Capital Territory Abuja, Nigeria

Ifeanyi

Ikeneche

Bassey

et al. 2015

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…This species is considered one of the main causes of diarrhea in adults and children in developing countries, infection most often occurring through contact with contaminated water (Walker et al, 2007;Isidean et al, 2011) and is an important cause of urinary tract and wound infections and pneumonia in immunosuppressed hospitalized patients, and meningitis in newborn children (Wijetunge et al, 2015;Martelius et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota sampled from a polluted stream in Recife-PE, Brazil and its importance to public health

PurificaÃ§ao¹,

Araujo²,

Lópes³

et al. 2017

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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Pollution of water bodies can cause environmental and public health problems. The Cavouco stream is a tributary of the Capibaribe River, one of the main rivers in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, and receives a high pollution load from residential, laboratory and hospital effluents. The aim of the present study was to perform phenotypic and molecular characterization in this stream, and evaluate the water quality using microbiological parameters. Water was collected from five sampling points, and bacterial species were identified using biochemical and molecular methods through 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Total and thermotolerant coliforms were also quantified. Fermenting Gram-negative bacilli from the family Enterobacteriaceae (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis), non-fermenting bacilli (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas putida) and Gram-positive bacilli (Bacillus cereus, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus pumilus and Staphylococcus hominis) were identified. A total of 25 bacterial isolates were phenotypically identified. All phenotypic identifications were confirmed by molecular analysis, except for S. hominis, which was molecularly identified as Exiguobacterium. Regarding water quality, all analyzed samples were positive for total and thermotolerant coliforms. The results obtained suggest that the Cavouco stream presents a potential risk for transmission of water-borne diseases, because of the presence of pathogenic bacteria. In addition, the current state of the stream also threatens the conservation of its native species.

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“…Toksyna STa wykrywana jest w 75--80% izolatów ETEC pochodzących od ludzi, z kolei STb jest charakterystyczna dla szczepów uzyskanych od zwierząt. Mechanizm działania ST opiera się na zwiększeniu poziomu cGMP (cykliczny guanozyno--3',5'-monofosforan) w komórkach nabłonka jelitowego, w wyniku czego dochodzi do rozwoju wodnistej biegunki (18,25).…”

Section: Enterotoksyczne E Coli (Etec)unclassified

Pathogenic Escherichia coli – virulence mechanisms

Półtorak

Wieczorek

Osek

2016

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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E. coli are the predominant microorganisms in the human gastrointestinal tract. In most cases, they exist as harmless comensals, and some of them are beneficial to their host in balancing gut flora and absorption of nutrients. However, there are pathogenic strains that cause a broad range of diseases in humans and animals, from diarrhea to bloodstream infections. Among bacterial strains causing these symptoms, seven pathotypes are now recognized: enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), diffusely adherent E. coli (DAEC), and adherent-invasive E. coli (AIEC). Several different strains cause diverse diseases by means of virulence factors that facilitate their interactions with the host, including colonization of the intestinal epithelial surfaces, crossing of the mucosal barriers, invasion of the bloodstream and internal organs or producing toxins that affect various cellular processes. Pathogenic E. coli are commonly studied in humans, animals, food and the environment, in developed and developing countries. The presented paper reviews recent information concerning the pathogenic mechanisms of E. coli, the role of animals and food in the transmission chain and a short overview of epidemiological data.

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A systematic review of ETEC epidemiology focusing on colonization factor and toxin expression

Cited by 244 publications

References 154 publications

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli pathotypes isolated from children with diarrhea in the Federal Capital Territory Abuja, Nigeria

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli pathotypes isolated from children with diarrhea in the Federal Capital Territory Abuja, Nigeria

Microbiota sampled from a polluted stream in Recife-PE, Brazil and its importance to public health

Pathogenic Escherichia coli – virulence mechanisms

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