A Systematic Review of Eye-Tracking Studies of Gambling-Related Attentional Biases

Takahashi, Rachel Emy Straus; Kim, Hyoun S.; Coelho, Sophie G.; Tavares, Hermano

doi:10.1007/s10899-022-10161-3

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Taken together with our study’s results, this would suggest that engaging in online gambling in and of itself might not be associated longitudinally with PG (either as a precursor or a predictor of a remission), but people with PG might be more likely to engage in online gambling to fulfill immediate urges to gamble. The constant access to gambling provided by this modality, unrestricted by establishment opening hours or transportation obstacles, makes it particularly attractive for people at-risk for PG, especially considering they are more likely to have attentional biases toward gambling information (Takahashi et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of problem gambling remission in adults: A Canadian longitudinal study.

Allami,

Williams,

Hodgins

et al. 2024

Psychology of Addictive Behaviors

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Objective: Remission from problem gambling (PG) continues to be a priority of clinicians and researchers. Data from cross-sectional studies indicate that some correlates are more predictive of PG, and existing longitudinal studies have exclusively examined risk factors that predict emergence of PG. This study’s objective is to fill in the remaining pieces of the puzzle by identifying factors that might facilitate remission from PG. Method: A stratified sample of 10,199 Canadian adult gamblers were recruited from an online panel. Respondents who screened positively for PG at baseline and completed a follow-up assessment 1 year later (n = 468) were assessed on a series of modifiable gambling, psychosocial, mental health, and substance use variables. A forward stepwise logistic regression was conducted to identify the strongest predictors of remission from PG at follow-up. A Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator regression was also conducted to confirm the most relevant predictors. Results: Out of 75 candidate variables, 10 were retained by the regression model. Two were related to cessation of specific gambling activities, two were related to gambling motivations, two were psychosocial in nature, two were related to substance use while gambling, and one was related to remission from a mental health disorder. The final and strongest predictor was PG severity at baseline. Conclusions: Although PG remission predictors were mostly gambling-related, psychosocial aspects may also be targeted by stakeholders aiming to reduce PG. Ceasing to use tobacco while gambling and diversifying leisure activities may be promising targets. Other mental health and substance use predictors may still possibly be relevant, but only for a subset of people with PG.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of problem gambling remission in adults: A Canadian longitudinal study.

Allami,

Williams,

Hodgins

et al. 2024

Psychology of Addictive Behaviors

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“…Few studies have applied eye tracking to the study of gambling advertising; for reviews, see [47]. Sandberg and colleagues [48] measured eye movements of 39 Swedish teenagers aged 15 years while browsing the internet for approximately 15 min.…”

Section: Eye Tracking In Gambling and Advertising Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Eye Tracking Investigation of Young People’s Gaze Behaviour to Gambling and Non-Gambling Moving Adverts

Onwuegbusi¹,

Roberts²,

Sharman³

et al. 2023

Eur Addict Res

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Introduction: Data from several areas of public health (e.g., harmful alcohol and tobacco) are consistent with the assertion that children’s exposure to advertising strategies increases intention to consume such products. Most studies have measured self-rated impact of gambling advertising using questionnaires. Given that gambling advertisements come in different forms such as print media/television advertising and contain variable content, it is difficult to understand using subjective measures which aspects of the gambling advertisements increase craving and desire to trigger a gambling session. In the present study, we applied a novel data-driven methodology that directly tracks eye movements to reveal attentional biases towards gambling adverts and promotions by examining differences in young people’s eye gaze behaviour when watching gambling and non-gambling (control) moving adverts. Method: A total of 98 (16–18 years old) children who self-identify as having a low or high craving to gambling watched gambling and non-gambling (control) television adverts, while their eye movements were recorded. Results: The results show that the data-driven method can isolate video clips that best distinguish people on the low-high craving spectrum, reveal the type of each video clip with the largest group differences, and accurately predict young people’s gambling craving on the basis of eye movement patterns. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that young people’s craving for gambling can be predicted based on their eye movements to video clips of gambling advertisements and that certain features of gambling advertisements may be more appealing to some group of viewers, particularly those with high craving for gambling.

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“…Eyetracking also helps in modern AI and computer interaction which helps the disabled easily communicate. This application also helps in featuring robotic and prosthetic arm movements [2], gambling-related attentional biases [3] based on the eye location.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Eye Tracking Using Heat Maps

Krishnan

Jeyakumar²,

Raj³

2022

MJCS

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Communication in modern days has developed a lot, including wireless networks, Artificial Intelligence (AI) interaction, and human-computer interfaces. People with paralysis and immobile disorders face daily difficulties communicating with others and gadgets. Eye tracking has proven to promote accessible and accurate interaction compared to other complex automatic interactions. The project aims to develop an electronic eye blinker that integrates with the experimental setup to determine clinical pupil redundancy. The proposed solution comes up with an eye-tracking tool within an inbuilt laptop webcam that tracks the eye’s pupil in the given screen dimensions and generates heat maps on the tracked locations. These heat maps can denote a letter (in case of eye writing), an indication to click on that location (in case of gadget communication), or for blinking analysis. The proposed method achieves a perfect F-measure score of 0.998 to 1.000, which is comparatively more accurate and efficient than the existing technologies. The solution also provides an effective method to determine the eye's refractive error, which can replace the complex refractometers. Further, the spatially tracked coordinates obtained during the experiment can be used to analyze the patient’s blinking pattern, which, in turn, can detect retinal disorders and their progress during medication. One of the applications of the project is to integrate the derived model with a Brain-computer interface system to allow fast communications for the disabled.

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A Systematic Review of Eye-Tracking Studies of Gambling-Related Attentional Biases

Cited by 7 publications

References 38 publications

Predictors of problem gambling remission in adults: A Canadian longitudinal study.

Predictors of problem gambling remission in adults: A Canadian longitudinal study.

An Eye Tracking Investigation of Young People’s Gaze Behaviour to Gambling and Non-Gambling Moving Adverts

Real-Time Eye Tracking Using Heat Maps

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