A systematic review of food composition tools used for determining dietary polyphenol intake in estimated intake studies

Abstract

Translating food intake data into phytochemical outcomes is a crucial step in investigating potential health benefits. The aim of this review was to examine the tools for determining dietary-derived polyphenol intakes for estimated intake studies. Published studies from 2004 to 2014 reporting polyphenol food composition information were sourced with 157 studies included. Six polyphenol subclasses were identified. One quarter of studies (n=39) reported total flavonoids intake with 27% reporting individual flavonoid compounds. Assessing multiple compounds was common with approximately 10% of studies assessing seven (n=13), six (n=12) and five (n=14) subclasses of polyphenol. There was no pattern between reported flavonoids compounds and subclass studied. Approximately 60% of studies relied on publicly accessible food composition data to estimate dietary polyphenols intake with 33% using two or more tools. This review highlights the importance of publicly accessible composition databases for estimating polyphenol intake and provides a reference for tools available globally.

Relationship between Mediterranean Dietary Polyphenol Intake and Obesity

“…Recently, polyphenol intake has been measured using analysis of different biomarkers, mainly phase II enzyme-conjugated polyphenol metabolites, which are metabolites present in the bloodstream and urine and fecal samples. Unfortunately, there are thousands of potential biomarkers of polyphenol intake and there is no consensus yet [ 17 ]. On the other hand, Tresserra-Rimbau et al studied the effect of dietary polyphenol intake on CVD, calculating the polyphenol consumption by matching FFQ data with the Phenol-Explorer database [ 14 ].…”

A systematic literature review of the effect of anthocyanins on gut microbiota populations

“…Therefore, the complete effect and exact mode action of anthocyanins on gut microbiota population need much clarification, and this might be achieved partly by conducting more well‐designed human clinical trials, reaching a consensus on anthocyanin dose and form, as well as by a uniform approach to control diets. Determination of key techniques to measure and confirm these findings is also vital in this field.…”

Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Disease: Insights and Challenges for Considering Food Groups and Nutrient Sources

“…For example, fruits, vegetables, and whole grains are rich in fibre which may reduce the risk of a number of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease [ 27 ]. Fruits and vegetables in particular are also rich in phytochemicals such flavanols and anthocyanins which largely contribute to the colours of the flesh and skin [ 28 •]. These compounds have also been associated with reduced cardiovascular disease as well as improvements in mental health, gut health, and cancer risk [ 29 , 30 ].…”

“…Research on food composition analysis underpins much of the development and analysis of dietary patterns. Allowing the translation of food intake data to nutrient consumption data [ 28 •], food composition analysis examines foods from a number of different angles, from the proportion of food that is edible, to the range of nutrients within each food and the level of nutrient retention under varied cooking conditions. While each country and region has their own unique food composition data suited to the environmental and food handling conditions, food composition databases form a foundation component of determining dietary patterns in research with small or large samples of the population.…”