A systematic review of loneliness and social isolation among Hispanic/Latinx older adults in the United States

Sociodemographic Factors and Neighborhood/Environmental Conditions Associated with Social Isolation Among Black Older Adults

“…Furthermore, greater income was strongly associated with lower likelihood of being unmarried, living alone, and with lower levels of overall SI. These findings regarding the relationship between household income and SI are also found in previous studies among Black populations and Black older adults (Taylor et al, 2016, 2019), in the general population of US older adults (Chatters et al, 2018; Cudjoe et al, 2020, 2022), among older Asian populations in the US (Jang et al, 2016, 2021), and among older Hispanic populations (Krause & Goldenhar, 1992; Tibiriçá et al, 2022). These findings are noteworthy as they illustrate income is a key driver of SI, regardless of race and ethnicity.…”

“…Even though this study examined SI among Black older adults, it is important to note these findings are not unique to this population. Previous investigations of SI among the general population of older adults (Chatters et al, 2018;Cudjoe et al, 2020Cudjoe et al, , 2022 and other communities of color (Jang et al, 2016(Jang et al, , 2021Krause & Goldenhar, 1992;Tibiriçá et al, 2022) have confirmed similar findings. This underscores the fact that certain factors are associated with SI indicates a negative binomial regression was used in the social isolation index model.…”

“…In contrast, previous work has found men mostly rely on their spouses for social support (Antonucci & Akiyama, 1987; Kahn, 1994; Okun & Keith, 1998; Taylor & Taylor, 2018). Previous research has also found that men experience greater SI than women including among Black older adults and Black populations generally (Taylor et al, 2016, 2019), Asian (Jang et al, 2016, 2021) and Hispanic (Krause & Goldenhar, 1992; Tibiriçá et al, 2022) older adults in the US, as well as among older adults generally (Chatters et al, 2018; Cudjoe et al, 2020, 2022).…”

“…Black older adults with greater educational attainment were more likely to be socially isolated from their adult children and from other family members; however, they were more likely to be engaged in social groups and activities. Some previous studies among both the general population of older adults and Hispanic older adults have found that higher education to be associated with lower overall SI (Cudjoe et al, 2020;Krause & Goldenhar, 1992;Pohl et al, 2017;Tibiriçá et al, 2022). Other studies among older adults (Chatters et al, 2018) and Asian older adults in the US (Jang et al, 2016(Jang et al, , 2021 found no significant association between education and SI.…”

Theory Integration for Examining Health Care Discrimination among Minoritized Older Adults with Chronic Illness

“…Additionally, loneliness and isolation are highly prevalent environmental circumstances experienced by older adults. Loneliness is associated with overall greater comorbidity while social isolation is generally associated with worse physical health (Tibiriçá et al, 2022). Even though a Latinx older adult may live in a community whose ethnic identity is predominantly aligned with their own, there are complex, environmentally influenced layers in their intersectional experience that may contribute to worsened health outcomes.…”