A Systematic Review of Mechanisms of Change in Body-Oriented Yoga in Major Depressive Disorders

Meister, Klara; Juckel, Georg

doi:10.1055/s-0043-111013

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In 1997, Singh and his colleagues randomized 32 older adults with depression to either a resistance exercise group or a control group, and they found depression was significantly improved after resistance exercise 21 . In recent years, Taijiquan and Yoga, which can be regarded as mind‐body exercise, have been accepted and loved by many people to relieve depression symptoms 22,23 . Here, we reviewed the antidepression effects of these three different types of exercise: aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, and mind‐body exercise (Table 1).…”

Section: Evidence Of Exercise Effect On Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise, brain plasticity, and depression

et al. 2020

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Depression is a common mental disorder characterized by high incidence, high disability, and high fatality, causing great burden to the society, families, and individuals. The changes in brain plasticity may be a main reason for depression. Recent studies have shown that exercise plays a positive role in depression, but systematic and comprehensive studies are lacking on brain plasticity changes in depression. To further understand the antidepressive effect of exercise and the changes in brain plasticity, we retrieved related literatures using key words “depression,” “depressive disorder,” “exercise,” “brain plasticity,” “brain structure,” and “brain function” from the database of Web of Science, PubMed, EBSCO host, and CNKI, hoping to provide evidence for exercise in preventing and treating depression. Increase in exercise has been found negatively correlated with the risk of depression. Randomized controlled experiments have shown that aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, and mind‐body exercise can improve depressive symptoms and levels. The intensity and long‐term effect of exercise are now topical research issues. Exercise has been proven to reshape the brain structure of depression patients, activate the function of related brain areas, promote behavioral adaptation changes, and maintain the integrity of hippocampal and white matter volume, thus improving the brain neuroprocessing and delaying cognitive degradation in depression patients. Future studies are urgently needed to establish accurate exercise prescriptions for improving depressive symptoms, and studies on different depressive populations and studies using multimodal brain imaging combined with multiple analytical methods are also needed.

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Section: Evidence Of Exercise Effect On Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise, brain plasticity, and depression

et al. 2020

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“…Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and open studies have found yoga to be beneficial in treating unipolar depression. 19 –22 On its own or as an adjunct to medication, yoga has been shown to alleviate symptoms of mild to moderate depression. 23 Preliminary evidence suggests that it may even benefit more severe depression and even alleviate suicidal ideation.…”

Section: Yoga For Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breathing-focused Yoga as Augmentation for Unipolar and Bipolar Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial: Le yoga axé sur la respiration comme traitement d’appoint pour la dépression unipolaire et bipolaire: Un essai randomisé contrôlé

et al. 2020

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Objective: Patients with depression frequently experience persistent residual symptoms even with optimal interventions. These patients often use complementary treatments, including yoga, as a preferred alternative or adjunctive treatment. There is evidence for the benefit of yoga for depression, but this has not been rigorously evaluated, particularly in bipolar depression. We aimed to determine the feasibility and benefit of manualized breathing-focused yoga in comparison to psychoeducation as augmentation to pharmacotherapy for improving residual symptoms of depression in unipolar and bipolar patients. Methods: Using a randomized single-blind crossover design, 72 outpatients with unipolar or bipolar depression were augmented with the two 8-week interventions at separate times, as add-ons to current first-line antidepressants and mood stabilizers. The primary outcome measure was the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Due to the high dropout of participants after crossover at Week 8, analysis focused on between-group comparisons of yoga and psychoeducation during the initial 8 weeks of the study. Results: There was a significant decline in depressive symptoms, as measured by the MADRS, following 8 weeks of yoga. However, there was no significant difference in MADRS ratings between intervention groups. Similar improvements in self-rated depressive symptoms and well-being were also observed across time. Conclusions: Both yoga and psychoeducation may improve residual symptoms of unipolar and bipolar depression as add-on to medications. In-class group sessions and long study durations may reduce feasibility for this population. Larger trials with parallel group design and shorter duration may be more feasible.

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“…Second, these subjects may experience more varied symptoms than healthy subjects because subjects of these groups reported numerous symptoms that healthy individuals did not report. For some, it may be di cult to take into consideration the characteristics of yoga, such as changing from a sympathetic-dominant state to being parasympathetic-dominant [23] [24]. Although this effect is bene cial for reducing stress [25], it is possible that it may cause or exacerbate coughing and runny noses in patients with bronchial asthma and allergic/vasomotor rhinitis, abdominal pain and diarrhea in patients with irritable bowel syndrome, and faintness or dizziness in patients with hypotension, especially orthostatic hypotension because these symptoms are induced or exacerbated by parasympathetic activation.…”

Section: Adverse Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health-related benefits and adverse events associated with yoga classes among subjects that are healthy, in poor health, or with chronic diseases.

Oka

2020

Preprint

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Background: Our previous study demonstrated that 42% of yoga class participants in Japan had chronic diseases that required medication. This raises the question as to whether those with chronic diseases could benefit from practicing yoga or if they are at higher risk for specific adverse events compared to healthy individuals receiving the same instruction. Methods: To address these questions, 328 adults who started practicing yoga for the first time were asked to complete the Profile of Mood States (POMS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 8, standard version (SF-8TM) and to record any adverse events on the first day of the yoga class and again three months later. The participants consisted of three groups: a healthy (H) group (n=70), a poor health (PH) group (n=117), and a chronic disease (CD) group (n=141). The severity of subjective symptoms was also compared between the pre- and post-intervention period in the PH and CD groups.Results: Typically, yoga classes were held once a week for 60-90 min. The programs included asanas, pranayamas, meditation, isometric yoga and sukshma vyayama. In the PH and CD groups, the POMS tension-anxiety and fatigue scores decreased and the vigor score increased significantly after the first class. Furthermore, PSS scores decreased and the SF-8TM scores increased significantly three months later. The severity of subjective symptoms such as easy fatigability, shoulder stiffness, and insomnia also decreased over three months. Individuals in these groups experienced more frequent adverse events than those in the H group. The PH and CD groups also experienced a greater variety of symptoms, including psychological ones, not reported by the H group. Adverse events were not so serious that subjects stopped practicing yoga during the class. About 60% of all participants were highly satisfied with participating in yoga classes.Conclusions: If yoga classes are conducted with attention to possible adverse events, yoga practice in a studio may have beneficial effects for people with functional somatic symptoms and chronic diseases, as well as healthy subjects. These benefits include reductions in perceived stress and uncomfortable symptoms as well as improved mood and quality of life.

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A Systematic Review of Mechanisms of Change in Body-Oriented Yoga in Major Depressive Disorders

Cited by 23 publications

References 48 publications

Exercise, brain plasticity, and depression

Exercise, brain plasticity, and depression

Breathing-focused Yoga as Augmentation for Unipolar and Bipolar Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial: Le yoga axé sur la respiration comme traitement d’appoint pour la dépression unipolaire et bipolaire: Un essai randomisé contrôlé

Health-related benefits and adverse events associated with yoga classes among subjects that are healthy, in poor health, or with chronic diseases.

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