A systematic review of microbiome changes and impact of probiotic supplementation in children and adolescents with neuropsychiatric disorders.

Ligęzka, Anna; Sonmez, Ayse Irem; Corral-Frias, Martha; Golebiowski, Raphael; Lynch, Brian; Croarkin, Paul E.; Romanowicz, Magdalena

doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110187

Cited by 44 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Moreover, there could be other factors that are usually disregarded in relation with ADHD incidence, but which might play an important role in this condition. Recently, the gut microbiome has been the subject of intense research as an ADHD-associated factor, and even though further research is needed in order to determine its precise influence on ADHD, there are already reports indicating a possible link between them [ 211 , 212 , 213 , 214 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ADHD: Reviewing the Causes and Evaluating Solutions

Núñez-Jaramillo

Herrera-Solís

Herrera-Morales

2021

JPM

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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder in which patients present inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. The etiology of this condition is diverse, including environmental factors and the presence of variants of some genes. However, a great diversity exists among patients regarding the presence of these ADHD-associated factors. Moreover, there are variations in the reported neurophysiological correlates of ADHD. ADHD is often treated pharmacologically, producing an improvement in symptomatology, albeit there are patients who are refractory to the main pharmacological treatments or present side effects to these drugs, highlighting the importance of developing other therapeutic options. Different non-pharmacological treatments are in this review addressed, finding diverse results regarding efficacy. Altogether, ADHD is associated with different etiologies, all of them producing changes in brain development, leading to the characteristic symptomatology of this condition. Given the heterogeneous etiology of ADHD, discussion is presented about the convenience of personalizing ADHD treatment, whether pharmacological or non-pharmacological, to reach an optimum effect in the majority of patients. Approaches to personalizing both pharmacological therapy and neurofeedback are presented.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ADHD: Reviewing the Causes and Evaluating Solutions

Núñez-Jaramillo

Herrera-Solís

Herrera-Morales

2021

JPM

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“…A growing body of evidence indicates that altered gut microbiota negatively affects neurodevelopment and behavior, suggesting its potential implication in a number of neuropsychiatric disorders [22,23].…”

Section: Gut Microbiome Modification: Studies and Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cao et al [38] observed an increased abundance of Desulfovibrio in ASD, which is in line with previous results. These bacteria could be relevant contributors to GI complications in ASD, as they produce LPS and hydrogen sulfide that can have cytotoxic effects on intestinal cells [22,23,38]. There are still conflicting results about the alterations of the Bacteroides genus, which was found to be increased [31,46] or decreased [38,47] in ASD subjects in different studies.…”

Section: Gut Microbiome Modification: Studies and Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gut Reactions: How Far Are We from Understanding and Manipulating the Microbiota Complexity and the Interaction with Its Host? Lessons from Autism Spectrum Disorder Studies

Lombardi

Troisi

2021

Nutrients

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Autism is a group of neurodevelopmental disorders, characterized by early onset difficulties in social communication and restricted, repetitive behaviors and interests. It is characterized by familial aggregation, suggesting that genetic factors play a role in disease development, in addition to developmentally early environmental factors. Here, we review the role of the gut microbiome in autism, as it has been characterized in case-control studies. We discuss how methodological differences may have led to inconclusive or contradictory results, even though a disproportion between harmful and beneficial bacteria is generally described in autism. Furthermore, we review the studies concerning the effects of gut microbial-based and dietary interventions on autism symptoms. Also, in this case, the results are not comparable due to the lack of standardized methods. Therefore, autism-specific microbiome signatures and, consequently, possible microbiome-oriented interventions are far from being recognized. We argue that a multi-omic longitudinal implementation may be useful to study metabolic changes connected to microbiome changes.

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“…Alterations in the gut microbiota have been shown to be associated with several mental illnesses, such as depression and anxiety, as shown by a wide number of studies and literature reviews ( Simpson et al., 2021 ; Cruz-Pereira et al., 2020 ; Carlessi et al., 2021 ; Evrensel and Tarhan, 2021 ). Unfortunately, to date, a paucity of studies has been conducted to better investigate the link between gut-brain axis and psychiatric disorders specifically during adolescence ( Ligezka et al., 2021 ; Simkin, 2019 ); hence, further investigations are required.…”

Section: Biological Markers and Signatures Underlying Adolescent Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventive strategies for adolescent depression: What are we missing? A focus on biomarkers

Zonca

2021

Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health

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A systematic review of microbiome changes and impact of probiotic supplementation in children and adolescents with neuropsychiatric disorders.

Cited by 44 publications

References 48 publications

ADHD: Reviewing the Causes and Evaluating Solutions

ADHD: Reviewing the Causes and Evaluating Solutions

Gut Reactions: How Far Are We from Understanding and Manipulating the Microbiota Complexity and the Interaction with Its Host? Lessons from Autism Spectrum Disorder Studies

Preventive strategies for adolescent depression: What are we missing? A focus on biomarkers

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