A Systematic Review of Pediatric Dialysis in Asia: Unveiling Demographic Trends, Clinical Representation, and Outcomes

Abstract

Dialysis in pediatric groups is complicated by a wide range of factors that can affect long-term prognosis. The purpose of this meta-analysis and systematic review is to better understand the demographic and clinical factors that affect dialysis success in children. We searched a variety of databases for relevant articles and included 14 reports that dealt with the case studies of pediatric patients undergoing dialysis for a wide range of renal diseases. Patients' demographics, clinical presentations, laboratory findings, and treatment outcomes were the primary areas of data collection. To get a better sense of the overall prevalence of certain outcomes and to spot noteworthy trends or patterns in the disease process, we conducted a metaanalysis. Variations in dialysis efficacy and outcomes are highlighted throughout a wide range of ages in the pediatric dialysis cohort, from neonates to teenagers. Acute kidney injuries (AKI) tended to impact more boys, but chronic kidney diseases (CKD), such as lupus nephritis, disproportionately afflicted girls. Many different ethnic groups were represented, and there was evidence that some diseases having a hereditary component were more common in some areas than others. However, the potential for long-term consequences remained a concern. Hemodialysis was found to be effective in controlling end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and AKI, with some patients going on to have a kidney transplant. At the same time, peritoneal dialysis was associated with an increased risk of infection. This comprehensive analysis highlights the importance of demographic and clinical parameters in determining pediatric dialysis outcomes. A 14.47% mortality rate and gender disparities are revealed by this meta-analysis of pediatric renal diseases, which included a cohort of 235 patients with conditions like lupus nephritis and hepatitis C infection. The findings stress the necessity for individualized treatment techniques and suggest that demographic characteristics should be addressed in prognostic models. For better patient outcomes, the study also suggests standardized reporting in pediatric dialysis studies.