A Systematic Review of the Literature on the Relationship between Caste Membership and Health-Related Risk Factors in India

Coelho, Ken Russell; Belden, Catherine V.

doi:10.5530/ijmedph.2016.2.3

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In our study, the caste system is signi cantly associated with the risk of CKDu, and the castes that were in the bottom of the hierarchical pyramid of the caste system were more prone for CKDu. This nding is in accordance with the results of other related studies, lower caste groups such as scheduled caste and scheduled tribes have poor health behaviors [22], lower life expectancies [23], [24], and a higher frequency of abnormal kidney function [25]. We also observed that castes in the Uddanam region that are at the bottom of the hierarchical pyramid of the caste structure are not consume a proper nutritious diet and not following healthy habits not because of anything else but they are basically poor and it is poverty per se rather than anything else that is predisposes these castes to CKDu.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The impact of cultural, socioeconomic, behavioral and health disadvantages on the incidence and severity of chronic kidney disease:A case- control study of Uddanam region of Andhra Pradesh, India.

Pampana,

Addanki,

Lakkamraju

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Presently both developed and developing countries are suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD) worldwide. CKD with unknown etiology rapidly and silently affects people without any prior symptoms. Loss of renal function due to progressive loss of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and co morbidities is an important factor leading to adult mortality. This study aimed at to investigate the impact of cultural, socioeconomic, behavioral and health factors on chronic kidney disease prevalence and severity in Kaviti and Kanchili Mandals within the Uddanam region of North Coastal Andhra Pradesh, India. Methods A case‒control study was conducted on 2806 participants (1001 CKD patients and 1001 healthy controls in Kaviti Mandal and 402 CKD patients and 402 healthy controls in Kanchili mandal of the Uddanam region. Logistic and multiple regression analyses and independent t-tests were applied to measure the association between selected parameters such as average spending per month on transport, diagnosis and medicine juxtaposed to various parameters of CKD and normal families. Results In the Uddanam region, the patient’s average spending costs per month on transport to the hospital, diagnosis, and medicine were 919/-, 1225/-, and 2076/-, respectively, and stage 4 and 5 patients were spent more money for treatment of the disease. The logistic regression analysis revealed that the people in the open category(OROC/SC&ST = 5.132, 2.513-10.48), lower economic category (OR LOWER/UPPER = 7.011, 1.482-33.17), farmers (ORFARMER/ANY OTHER=1.620 (1.226-2.14), those in the education system primary education group (ORPRIMARY/COLLEGEANDABOVE=3.246,9.598-25.766), hypertensive individuals (OR YES/NO = 5.088,4.2-6.16) and people who had other ailments (ORYES/NO= 3.714, 2.992-4.61) had a significant risk association with CKDu. Conclusion The present study revealed that living in rural areas and belonging to lower socioeconomic status per se play a significant role in the causation of chronic kidney disease and that these CKD patients spend more money to treat the disease as it progresses. The improvement of health care facilities especially specialties dealing with kidney diseases and creating awareness of CKD risk factors are needed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The impact of cultural, socioeconomic, behavioral and health disadvantages on the incidence and severity of chronic kidney disease:A case- control study of Uddanam region of Andhra Pradesh, India.

Pampana,

Addanki,

Lakkamraju

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…[14] Similar to our study, caste and education differentials in dietary behaviors have been reported in other studies. [1516] Adolescents from the poor social background such as scheduled caste or tribe have poor nutrition-related knowledge, attitude, and practices. Their self-efficacy scores may be lower than non-backward classes because of lack of confidence and access to healthy food.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between nutrition-related knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy among adolescents: A community-based survey

Sharma

Akhtar

Singh

et al. 2019

J Family Med Prim Care

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Introduction: Millions of adolescents are facing the burden of malnutrition in India, and the sociocultural context of nutrition poses challenges while addressing this burden. This study aimed to assess: (a) the determinants of knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy scores and (b) the relationships between nutrition-related knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy scores among adolescents in India. Methods: The community-based study was conducted among adolescents across three rural and three urban districts in India. This observational study employed a self-administered structured questionnaire containing information on demography, nutrition-related knowledge, attitude, and dietary self-efficacy. Differences in knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy scores between sociodemographic variables were assessed using the t -test. Regression analysis was used to determine relationships between knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy scores. Results: A total of 985 adolescents (44.5%) from rural areas and 1225 (55.5%) from urban slums participated. There were significant differences in knowledge, and self-efficacy scores between rural, urban inhabitants ( P < 0.001), and adolescents with different grades of education ( P < 0.001 for knowledge and P = 0.01 for self-efficacy). There were significant differences in knowledge and attitude scores among adolescents from non-backward and backward classes ( P < 0.001 for knowledge and P = 0.02 for attitude) and those who were vegetarians and non-vegetarians ( P = 0.002 for knowledge and P < 0.001 for attitude). The study demonstrated significant relationships between knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy scores ( P < 0.001). Conclusion: Nutrition-related knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy scores are determinants of dietary behavior and are inter-related. Community-based interventions targeting to improve the nutritional status of adolescents should focus on improving self-efficacy besides the other two determinants.

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“…‘Ownership’ is based on the respondents' perceptions of whether they own the land and does not distinguish between whether or not they have a bundle of rights [access, withdrawal, management, exclusions and alienation (Quisumbing et al, 2015)] to the land. Nutritional outcomes: – Maternal dietary diversity score as a count out of 10 food groups consumed by female caregivers aged 15–49 years, calculated using the Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women (MDD‐W; FAO, 2014) ‐BMI (kg/m 2 ) of non‐pregnant, non‐post‐partum female caregivers aged 15–49 years Hypothesised agricultural and women's empowerment mediators: ‐Value of agriculture production: ln‐value of total agricultural production in the last three agricultural seasons (in the last 12 months), in 1,000 Indian Rupees. Production from all cultivated land (owned, rented, shared or other arrangements such cultivating on an extend family member's land or community land) included. ‐Agriculture production diversity: Count of 10 food groups produced, regardless of land ownership status, in the last three agricultural seasons (in the last 12 months) by households in any quantity. ‐Women's decision‐making: Women's self‐reported involvement (to at least some extent of involvement) in ≥2 versus <2 productive decisions in the household, out of four possible decisions (Malapit et al, 2015) ‐Women's group participation: Women's self‐reported active participation in any community groups (Malapit, Kovarik, et al, 2015) ‐Women's time use: Amount of work‐free time that women have (<10.5 vs. ≥10.5 h of work) based on a 24‐h time‐use recall (Malapit, Kovarik, et al, 2015) ‐Women's land ownership: Women's self‐reported land ownership, in two categories: none versus any (joint or sole) ownership. In addition to the variables of interest on the pathway from land to maternal nutrition, we also used the following variables that we identified well known a priori as confounders: caste group (Coelho & Belden, 2016), years of maternal education (Subramanian & Smith, 2006), count of household assets (Subramanian & Smith, 2006), household size (Rashid, Smith, & Rahman, 2011), female‐only households (Rashid et al, 2011) and maternal age ( Harris‐Fry et al, 2015). The asset score includes the following 15 assets: high cost consumer durables, low cost consumer durables, jewellery, mobile phone, electricity, computer, internet, motorbike, mechanised agricultural assets, business assets, high‐quality fuel type, finished flooring, finished roofing, finished walls and toilet.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the variables of interest on the pathway from land to maternal nutrition, we also used the following variables that we identified well known a priori as confounders: caste group (Coelho & Belden, 2016), years of maternal education (Subramanian & Smith, 2006), count of household assets (Subramanian & Smith, 2006), household size (Rashid, Smith, & Rahman, 2011), female-only households (Rashid et al, 2011) and maternal age ( Harris-Fry et al, 2015).…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agricultural and empowerment pathways from land ownership to women's nutrition in India

Harris‐Fry

Krishnan

Beaumont

et al. 2020

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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Land size is an important equity concern for the design of ‘nutrition‐sensitive’ agricultural interventions. We unpack some of the pathways between land and nutrition using a cross‐sectional baseline survey data set of 4,480 women from 148 clusters from the ‘Upscaling Participatory Action and Videos for Agriculture and Nutrition’ trial in Keonjhar district in Odisha, India. Variables used are household ln‐land size owned (exposure) and maternal dietary diversity score out of 10 food groups and body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) (outcomes); and mediators investigated are production diversity score, value of agricultural production, and indicators for women's empowerment (decision‐making in agriculture, group participation, work‐free time and land ownership). We assessed mediation using a non‐parametric potential outcomes framework method. Land size positively affects maternal dietary diversity scores [β 0.047; 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.011, 0.082)] but not BMI. Production diversity, but not value of production, accounts for 17.6% of total effect mediated. We observe suppression of the effect of land size on BMI, with no evidence of a direct effect for either of the agricultural mediators but indirect effects of β −0.031 [95% CI (−0.048, −0.017)] through production diversity and β −0.047 [95% CI (−0.075, −0.021)] through value of production. An increase in land size positively affects women's decision‐making, which in turn negatively affects maternal BMI. The positive effect of work‐free time on maternal BMI is suppressed by the negative effect of household land size on work‐free time. Agriculture interventions must consider land quality, women's decision‐making and implications for women's workload in their design.

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A Systematic Review of the Literature on the Relationship between Caste Membership and Health-Related Risk Factors in India

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

The impact of cultural, socioeconomic, behavioral and health disadvantages on the incidence and severity of chronic kidney disease:A case- control study of Uddanam region of Andhra Pradesh, India.

The impact of cultural, socioeconomic, behavioral and health disadvantages on the incidence and severity of chronic kidney disease:A case- control study of Uddanam region of Andhra Pradesh, India.

Relationships between nutrition-related knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy among adolescents: A community-based survey

Agricultural and empowerment pathways from land ownership to women's nutrition in India

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