A systematic review of the relationships among psychosocial factors and coping in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Health Qual Life Outcomes

2020

Background: Individuals with diabetes mellitus have difficulty solving problems in meaningful occupations and have similar difficulties with self-care regimens. We examined the effects of an occupation-based intervention supported with problem-solving therapy in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus on participation in and satisfaction with meaningful occupations, diabetes-related psychosocial self-efficacy, preferred coping strategies and individual well-being. Methods: This study was planned as a single-blind, randomised controlled study with a 3-month follow-up involving 67 adults with type 2 diabetes. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, Diabetes Empowerment Scale, Brief COPE and five-item World Health Organisation Well-Being Index were used. This programme included evaluations, diabetes education, and problem-solving therapy. The intervention was conducted for 6 weeks, and each weekly session lasted approximately 60 min. Differences between groups were analysed using the Mann-Whitney U test, and the Friedman test was used to calculate group-time interaction differences (i.e., baseline, after 6 weeks and after 3 months). Results: All participants identified the most significant occupational performance problems in self-care as personal care. Significant improvement was reported in the intervention group compared to the control group regarding participation in meaningful occupation, satisfaction with performance, psychosocial self-efficacy, and well-being results (p < 0.001) after the programme and 3 months of follow-up. Participant use of effective coping strategies, active coping and acceptance strategies, and self-efficacy, as revealed by the results, suggested improvement in favour of the intervention group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Occupation-based problem-solving therapy encourages participation in meaningful occupations and improves psychosocial self-efficacy, effective coping styles, and well-being in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Problem-solving therapies that incorporate individuals' priorities via meaningful occupation can be used to lead to a meaningful and quality life for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Person-centred, occupation-based intervention program supported with problem-solving therapy for type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial

Health Qual Life Outcomes

2020

“…Frances showed the importance of meaningful activities through a study of artwork's contributions to health and wellbeing (64). In addition, McCoy and Theekebs showed that positive, problem-focused coping styles developed psychological and physical health (62). This study's evaluation of the results according to the WHO-5 (<50) cut-off point revealed that increased participation in meaningful activities led to an improvement in the mood of the intervention group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Miles et al applied a transactional model of stress and coping to understand diabetes self-management and emotion-focused coping, and they clari ed that adaptive coping mediated the relationship between emotional and self-management behaviours, such as diet and exercise (61). McCoy and Theekebs analysed 22 quantitative studies, and this systematic review showed that social support decreased emotional distress (62). In our study, the intervention group preferred the use of emotional support, acceptance, planning and active coping strategies more, which is Brief Cope sub-parameters, after the intervention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Person-Centred, Occupation Based Intervention Program Supported with Problem-Solving Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes: a randomized controlled trial

2020

Preprint

Background: Individuals with diabetes mellitus both have difficulty in solving problems in meaningful occupations and have similar difficulties with self-care regimens. We examined the effects of occupation-based intervention supported with problem-solving therapy of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus on participation and satisfaction of meaningful occupations, diabetes-related psychosocial self-efficacy, preferred coping strategies and individual well-being. Methods: This study was planned as a single-blind, randomized controlled study with a 3-months follow-up involving sixty-seven adults with type 2 diabetes. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, the Diabetes Empowerment Scale, the Brief COPE and the Five-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index were used. The intervention was conducted in six modules for six weeks, and each implemented about 60 minutes and for one session per week. The six modules included evaluations, diabetes education, and problem-solving therapy. The most important feature of the program is its focus on meaningful occupations for the person via a holistic perspective and provided an opportunity for the participants to apply problem-solving therapy through valued occupation. Differences between groups were analysed using the Mann-Whitney U test, and the Friedman test was used to calculate group-time interaction differences (i.e., baseline, after six weeks and after three months). Results: Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus in both groups identified the most significant occupational performance problems in self-care as personal care. Significant improvement was reported in the intervention group when compared to the control group regarding the participation in meaningful occupation, the satisfaction of performance, psychological self-efficacy and well-being results (p<0.001) after the six modules and three months follow-up. The participants' use of effective coping strategies, active coping and acceptance strategies, self-efficacy as revealed results suggest improvement in favor of the intervention group (p<0.05). The intervention group showed significantly improving between measurements at baseline and after three months of modules except for ineffective coping style (p<0.001). Conclusions: The occupation-based problem-solving therapy encourages participation in meaningful occupations, positive effects on psychological self-efficacy, and improves effective coping styles and well-being of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Problem-solving therapies that incorporate individuals’ priorities via meaningful occupation can be used to lead a meaningful and quality life of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus

“…Miles et al applied a transactional model of stress and coping to understand diabetes self-management and emotion-focused coping, and they clari ed that adaptive coping mediated the relationship between emotional and self-management behaviours, such as diet and exercise (61). McCoy and Theekebs analysed 22 quantitative studies, and this systematic review showed that social support decreased emotional distress (62). In our study, the intervention group preferred the use of emotional support, acceptance, planning and active coping strategies more, which are Brief COPE subparameters, after the intervention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Person-Centred, Occupation-Based Intervention Program Supported with Problem-Solving Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020

Preprint

Background: Individuals with diabetes mellitus have difficulty solving problems in meaningful occupations and have similar difficulties with self-care regimens. We examined the effects of an occupation-based intervention supported with problem-solving therapy in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus on participation in and satisfaction with meaningful occupations, diabetes-related psychosocial self-efficacy, preferred coping strategies and individual well-being. Methods: This study was planned as a single-blind, randomised controlled study with a 3-month follow-up involving sixty-seven adults with type 2 diabetes. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, Diabetes Empowerment Scale, Brief COPE and five-item World Health Organisation Well-Being Index were used. This programme included evaluations, diabetes education, and problem-solving therapy. The intervention was conducted for six weeks, and each weekly session lasted approximately 60 minutes. Differences between groups were analysed using the Mann-Whitney U test, and the Friedman test was used to calculate group-time interaction differences (i.e., baseline, after six weeks and after three months). Results: All participants identified the most significant occupational performance problems in self-care as personal care. Significant improvement was reported in the intervention group compared to the control group regarding participation in meaningful occupation, satisfaction with performance, psychosocial self-efficacy, and well-being results (p<0.001) after the programme and three months of follow-up. Participant use of effective coping strategies, active coping and acceptance strategies, and self-efficacy, as revealed by the results, suggested improvement in favour of the intervention group (p<0.05). Conclusions: Occupation-based problem-solving therapy encourages participation in meaningful occupations and improves psychosocial self-efficacy, effective coping styles, and well-being in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Problem-solving therapies that incorporate individuals’ priorities via meaningful occupation can be used to lead to a meaningful and quality life for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.