A systematic review on correlation between biochemical and mechanical processes of lubricant film formation in joint replacement of the last 10 years

Abstract

This study provides a systematic review of the synovial and simulated body fluid research for the last 10 years (2006 to 2016). In particular, biochemical and mechanical properties of synovial fluid after joint replacement are focused, namely, the chemical composition of the formed lubricating film and structural changes of the associated proteins under mechanical loading. In summary, the formation of the film depends on pH, viscosity, and concentration of the solution, static, sliding, and rolling conditions and other factors related to the joint replacement. However, chemical changes of the synovial fluid proteins after the joint replacement are rarely addressed and require further attention. To this end, we provide a preliminary study of selected proteins within the synovial fluid using Raman spectroscopy. We conclude that chemical analysis together with the analysis of mechanical and biological properties of the synovial fluid after total joint replacement will help in comprehension of the process.

Analysis of Chemisorbed Tribo-Film for Ceramic-on-Ceramic Hip Joint Prostheses by Raman Spectroscopy

“…In Figure 7 , optical images of the ceramic balls surface after tribological test in the simulator are shown for individual SF components. Less crystallization was observed on ceramic balls for albumin and γ -globulin than in case of metal balls, as found in our previous work [ 34 ]. In the case of albumin solution on BIOLOX ® delta, a flow of the solution was observed in Figure 7 a.…”

“…Raman spectroscopy was found useful for determining the changes in the lubricants within the simulator. We used this methodology in our previous work [ 34 ] to explain the chemical reactions occurring within the artificial joint replacement. To acquire fingerprints of various lubricants before and after tribological experiments in the simulator, inVia Raman spectrometer by Renishaw was employed for analysis of the ball surfaces, as depicted in Figure 1 b and lubricants as shown in Figure 1 c using 532 nm excitation.…”

“…In summary, chemical analysis of SF and biochemical behavior of the materials present within joint replacement including the study of tribological and biological properties of the SF of a joint replacement could improve the concept of the whole process [ 34 ].…”

Raman analysis of chemisorbed tribofilm for metal‐on‐polyethylene hip joint prostheses

“…In contrast, SF2 in Figure 9 (the model SF after total joint replacement) shows a thick and branched film. A similar branched pattern of film was also found in our previous experiment with albumin and γ-globulin film on the Co-Cr-Mo surface [26]. Consequently, these films result from protein accumulation on the metal surface.…”

“…Differences in Raman spectra acquired for each lubricant before use and after the experiment within the simulator show that chemical reactions are taking place within the artificial joint replacement. Through Raman spectra, the obtained vibrational fingerprints demonstrate the specific chemical structure of individual lubricant components within the formed films [26].…”