A Systematic Review on Fake News Themes Reported in Literature

Celliers, Marlie; Hattingh, Marié

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-45002-1_19

Cited by 43 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(133 reference statements)

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“…After conducting a systematic research through the main bibliographic reference sources (mainly WOS and Scopus), as well as recent review papers [42][43][44][45], we do not know of any other research papers similar to the analysis proposed here, with content methodology of a representative sample of news items that appeared in the press, in which the researchers themselves contrasted the truth of the news, with the exception of an isolated case taken to the United States sports arena [46]. Therefore, this methodological approach is novel and can be applied to any type of news, not only in the sports field.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Rumors in the Spanish Sports Press: An Analysis of News about Signings Appearing in the Newspapers Marca, As, Mundo Deportivo and Sport

Gutiérrez

Litago

2021

Publications

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The front pages of newspapers are the main showcase to sell the product. Those first pages are a perfect hook for newspapers to attract readers; thus, it becomes vital to show striking pieces of information, captivating the audience. In the case of the written sport press in Spain, there is a key period in which true information is mingled with half-truths and even rumors: The summer transfer window. This paper shows an analysis of the front-page news appearing in the Spanish sports newspapers Marca, As, Mundo Deportivo, and Sport, over a five-year period (2015–2019), based on a sample of 120 different issues of the newspaper. Many times, the media present information either as something true or as a hypothesis or possibility. After quantitatively analyzing that, it can be noticed that in more than 50% of the cases, the signing or sale of the player referenced on the front page (the main news) does not occur. Similarly, it can be observed that there is a direct link connecting the news referring to Real Madrid with Marca and As, and Fútbol Club Barcelona with Mundo Deportivo and Sport. Finally, almost 100% of this news is showed along with real photographs, using photo montage in just a few cases.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Rumors in the Spanish Sports Press: An Analysis of News about Signings Appearing in the Newspapers Marca, As, Mundo Deportivo and Sport

Gutiérrez

Litago

2021

Publications

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“…Perspectives and new challenges on who, how, and why fake news are created, how they propagate, and how they could be detected. are also presented [36].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex Network and Source Inspired COVID-19 Fake News Classification on Twitter

et al. 2021

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In COVID-19 related infodemic, social media becomes a medium for wrongdoers to spread rumors, fake news, hoaxes, conspiracies, astroturf memes, clickbait, satire, smear campaigns, and other forms of deception. It puts a tremendous strain on society by damaging reputation, public trust, freedom of expression, journalism, justice, truth, and democracy. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to detect and contain unreliable information. Multiple techniques have been proposed to detect fake news propagation in tweets based on tweets content, propagation on the network of users, and the profile of the news generators. Generating human-like content allows deceiving content-based methods. Network-based methods rely on the complete graph to detect fake news, resulting in late detection. User profile-based techniques are effective for bots or fake accounts detection. However, they are not suited to detect fake news from original accounts. To deal with the shortcomings in existing methods, we introduce a source-based method focusing on the news propagators' community, including posters and re-tweeters to detect such contents. Propagators are connected using follower-following relations. A feature set combining the connectivity patterns of news propagators with their profile features is used in a machine learning framework to perform binary classification of tweets. Complex network measures and user profile features are also examined separately. We perform an extensive comparative analysis of the proposed methodology on a real-world COVID-19 dataset, exploiting various machine learning and deep learning models at the community and node levels. Results show that hybrid features perform better than network features and user features alone. Further optimization demonstrates that Ensemble's boosting model CATBoost and deep learning model RNN are the most effective, with an AUC score of 98%. Furthermore, preliminary results show that the proposed solution can also handle fake news in the political and entertainment domain using a small training set.

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“…The impact of misinformation and disinformation must be minimized through a public awareness campaign that supports the incremental development of critical thinking skills (Cornwall 2020 ; MacDonald and Dubé 2020 ). Drawing attention to factors influencing disinformation, such as profit, political sparring and advantage, social or psychological reasons, or perpetuation of a hoax (power) (Celliers and Hattingh 2020 ), can help inoculate against misinformation (van der Linden et al 2017 ). Anti-COVID vaccine voices are already surfacing.…”

Section: Before the Covid-19 Vaccines Are Available: Start Planning Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

A public health timeline to prepare for COVID-19 vaccines in Canada

MacDonald

Comeau

Dubé

et al. 2020

Can J Public Health

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For control of COVID-19, community immunity is required, necessitating widespread immunization. COVID-19 vaccines are coming to Canada, with the government announcing in August 2020 agreements with four different companies for their COVID-19 vaccine if their trials are successful. Never before has public health had to rapidly develop a vaccine introduction program for multiple new but differing vaccines with the added pressure that the program is needed across all ages and in all Canadian communities and there is high probability of not enough vaccine to go around at the start. Traditional public health vaccine introduction planning will need to be both accelerated and more comprehensive to ensure optimal uptake across the country. This overview highlights a number of points for consideration by public health in their planning for COVID-19 vaccines before these COVID-19 vaccines are available, once they are available, once supplies are plentiful, and throughout the vaccine program. Targeted and tailored communications are key elements needed to reach and positively influence diverse communities, regions, ages, languages, education levels and lived experiences.

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A Systematic Review on Fake News Themes Reported in Literature

Cited by 43 publications

References 36 publications

The Importance of Rumors in the Spanish Sports Press: An Analysis of News about Signings Appearing in the Newspapers Marca, As, Mundo Deportivo and Sport

The Importance of Rumors in the Spanish Sports Press: An Analysis of News about Signings Appearing in the Newspapers Marca, As, Mundo Deportivo and Sport

Complex Network and Source Inspired COVID-19 Fake News Classification on Twitter

A public health timeline to prepare for COVID-19 vaccines in Canada

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