A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Resistance Training on Whole-Body Muscle Growth in Healthy Adult Males

Benito, Pedro J.; Cupeiro, Rocío; Ramos-Campo, Domingo Jesús; Rubio-Arias, Jacobo Á.

doi:10.3390/ijerph17041285

Cited by 34 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…A study showed that exercise and consumption of 125 mg/kg of TT kg decreased muscle damage in athletes (16). Moreover, in a meta-analysis study, it was shown that TT consumption and RT with synergistic effects increase muscle mass and strength in male athletes (36). Five weeks of consuming TT at 400 mg/kg dose decreased fat mass and improved performance in elite rugby players (37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Eight Weeks of Resistance Training and Consumption of Tribulus Terrestris on Androgenic Receptor-1, Fas Ligand Gene Expression, and Lipid Profiles in Rats Exposed to Stanozolol

Derakhshandeh

Taghian

Dehkordi

et al. 2020

Avicenna J Med Biochem

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Background: Protective effect of medicinal plants on the heart has been reported, but the effect of resistance training (RT) and Tribulus terrestris (TT) on the heart exposed to anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) abuse is still unknown. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of RT and TT on androgen receptor-1 (ar-1), Fas ligand (fasl) gene expression and lipid profiles in rats exposed to stanozolol (S). Methods: Thirty-five male rats were selected and divided into 7 groups as follows: (1) sham (normal saline/Sh), (2) stanozolol (S), (3) S+100 mg/kg TT (S+TT100), (4) S+ 50 mg/kg TT (S+TT50), (5) S+RT+TT, (6) S+RT+TT100, and (7) S+RT+TT50. Over a course of eight-week period, groups 3, 4, 6, and 7 received 50 and 100 mg/kg/d doses of TT peritoneally and groups 5-7 performed three sessions of increasing RT per week. Results: RT decreased plasma cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, as well as ar-1 and fasl gene expression in S-exposed rats (P<0.05). TT50, TT100, SRTT100, and SRTT50 reduced ar-1 and fasl gene expressions (P<0.05). TT50 reduced triglyceride (TG), cholesterol and increased high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (P≤0.01), and TT100 decreased LDL-C levels (P<0.05). Additionally, SRTT100 reduced TG, cholesterol, and LDL-C levels and increased HDL-C level (P<0.05), and SRTT50 decreased cholesterol level and increased HDL-C level in S-exposed rats (P<0.05). Conclusion: RT and consumption of TT appear to have protective effects on the improvement of apoptosisdependent androgen receptor-1 and lipid profile in S-exposed rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Eight Weeks of Resistance Training and Consumption of Tribulus Terrestris on Androgenic Receptor-1, Fas Ligand Gene Expression, and Lipid Profiles in Rats Exposed to Stanozolol

Derakhshandeh

Taghian

Dehkordi

et al. 2020

Avicenna J Med Biochem

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“…A recent meta-analysis (Benito et al, 2020) showed that excessive sets per exercise could negatively affect muscle hypertrophy, while the effects of training upon muscle mass did not relate to any RT factor in isolation. Overall, these findings confirm that variables related to training intensity and volume play a role in improving muscle strength and mass in healthy adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, several systematic reviews and meta-analyses have been conducted to address this issue (Benito et al, 2020;Borde et al, 2015;Schoenfeld et al, 2017;Silva et al, 2014). In general, they focussed on the influence of isolated RT components, disregarding the fact that they are interdependent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the effects of RT on strength and hypertrophy have been investigated in isolation (Androulakis-Korakakis et al, 2020;Benito et al, 2020;Grgic et al, 2020;Grgic, Schoenfeld, Skrepnik et al, 2018;Rhea et al, 2003;Silva et al, 2014;Slimani et al, 2018). There is a lack of integrated analysis even in the few studies addressing both outcomes (Borde et al, 2015;Schoenfeld et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Moderators of strength gains and hypertrophy in resistance training: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Polito

Papst

Farinatti

2021

Journal of Sports Sciences

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This meta-analysis investigated the role of resistance training (RT) moderators on strength and muscle mass gains in untrained young (YG) and older (OG) adults. Electronic databases were searched for randomised controlled trials simultaneously assessing muscle strength and mass. Effect sizes (ES) reflecting improvements in strength and muscle mass were found for all moderators in YG and OG (ES 0.25-to 1.72;p < 0.05), excepting muscle mass in YG after RT was performed with <3 sets/exercise. Strength gains (p < 0.001) were greater in non-periodised vs. periodised RT in YG (ES 1.72 vs. 1.05) and OG (1.40 vs. 0.74). ES in OG was greater (p < 0.04) when RT included non-failure vs. failure repetitions (1.35 vs. 0.96), 3 vs. >3 sets/exercise (1.30 vs. 0.90), ≥3 vs. <3 days/week (1.70 vs. 0.78), and ≥12 vs. <12 weeks (1.48 vs. 0.92). Amoderating effect of RT factors on muscle mass was not detected in YG, while greater ES was found in OG for RT with ≥3 vs. <3 days/week (0.50 vs. 0.25). Concluding, different combinations of RT factors improved strength and muscle mass in YG and OG. In OG, this was favoured by greater frequency and duration, although hampered by excessive volume.

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“…Resistance training (RT) is an important way to intervene in health by improving muscle efficiency (Benito et al, 2020), causing muscle hypertrophy (Schoenfeld et al, 2019), and also enhancing all organic physiology (Amirthalingam, 2017;Vianna et al, 2014). Thus, studies important direct indicators to make the activity more efficient for any individual or group that comes to practice them (ACSM, 2011;Fragala et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute hemodynamic responses are not different for mono and multiarticular exercises for the same muscle group

Sant'Ana

Scartoni

Panza

et al. 2021

RSD

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Introduction: Different mechanical behaviors in resistance training can result in certain changes in the cardiovascular system. Objective: To verify the acute behavior of the main cardiovascular variables (heart rate, blood pressure, and double product) when performing resistance training with mono and multiarticular exercises. Methods: 10 male subjects participated in the study (26 ± 4 years; 81 ± 6 kg; 1.77 ± 2 m; 23 ± 1 kg / m2). They performed a test and retest for 8RM in the bench press and crucifix exercises on the machine. After the loads were outlined, they performed the intervention with the exercises, initially with a monoarticular activation containing two sets of 12 repetitions with 50% of the load acquired in the 8RM test of each exercise, using an interval of 60 seconds between one set and another. Additionally, three sets of 8 repetitions (80% 8RM) were performed with an interval between sets of 120 seconds. The execution speed was determined at a moderate level (2s for concentric, 2s for eccentric). It was measured before and during (series 1, series two, and series 3. Named as moments) heart rate exercises using POLAR, model RS800CX Multisport® and blood pressure using OMRON M6 (HEM-7001- E) ®. Then, the double product was calculated using the formula [HR (bpm) X SBP (mmHg)]. Results: In the heart rate analysis, there was an intra-condition difference for moments 1, 2, and 3 compared to rest (p <0.000). In the inter-condition comparison, no differences were observed for rest (p = 0.994) and for moments 1, 2 and 3 (p> 0.999). In systolic blood pressure, intra-conditions, differences were observed for moments 1, 2, and 3 compared to rest (p <0.000). In the inter-condition comparisons, there were no differences between rest (p> 0.999), moment 1 (p = 0.714), 2 (p = 0.999) and 3 (p> 0.999). For diastolic blood pressure, intra conditions, for bench press no significant differences were found for moments 1 (p = 0.331), 2 (p = 0.505) and 3 (p = 0.505) when compared to rest. In the same way it was for the crucifix, wherein the comparison with rest, no difference was observed in moments 1 (p = 0.849), 2 (p = 0.195) and 3 (p = 0.105). In the same sense, no difference was also observed in the comparisons between conditions for rest (p> 0.999), moment 1 (p = 0.999), 2 (p = 0.989) and 3 (p = 0.948). Finally, the double product in intra-condition comparisons found differences between moments 1, 2, and 3 compared to rest (p <0.000). However, in the inter-condition comparisons, no difference was observed at rest (p = 0.999), moment 1 (p = 0.868), 2 and 3 (p> 0.999). Conclusion: It is suggested that resistance training composed of mono and multi-joint exercises offers differences in hemodynamic responses but without differences between the types of mechanics applied by the exercises. Therefore, these results offer a partiality of what can happen with heart rate, blood pressure, and double product.

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A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Resistance Training on Whole-Body Muscle Growth in Healthy Adult Males

Cited by 34 publications

References 134 publications

Effect of Eight Weeks of Resistance Training and Consumption of Tribulus Terrestris on Androgenic Receptor-1, Fas Ligand Gene Expression, and Lipid Profiles in Rats Exposed to Stanozolol

Effect of Eight Weeks of Resistance Training and Consumption of Tribulus Terrestris on Androgenic Receptor-1, Fas Ligand Gene Expression, and Lipid Profiles in Rats Exposed to Stanozolol

Moderators of strength gains and hypertrophy in resistance training: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Acute hemodynamic responses are not different for mono and multiarticular exercises for the same muscle group

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