A Systems Approach to Downhole Adjustable Stabilizer Design and Application

Underwood, L.; Odell, Albert Charles

doi:10.2118/27484-ms

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

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“…The results in figures 7.6 and 9.1 confirm the lower limit described in chapter 6 of the MAX31856 chip of -55 • C. As the chamber has reached this temperature, the chip is no longer able to perform cold junction compensation and the output temperature sticks at -55 • C. As the temperature on Mars goes as low as -155 • C, the chip will need to be kept in an environment where the temperature is stable, and within its operating range, and so some thermal control is required. There are two key methods of thermal control, active and passive [3].…”

Section: Thermal Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing a Temperature Sensor for a Mars Surface Weather Station

Roe

2024

Preprint

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Mars, our nearest planetary neighbour, has long been the subject of intrigue and study. With its lack of magnetic field and very thin atmosphere, Mars provides a very hostile environment for missions as its weather systems and inability to hold heat make it complex and subtle. With the first human on Mars rapidly approaching reality, it is becoming more important than ever to have a thorough understanding of how the environment and weather vary on a large scale. So far, weather on Mars has only been measured on the ground at scales local to the landing craft or rover, and the Surrey Space Centre (SSC) has ambitions to be the first to fill this gap in understanding. This project begins that work. With a detailed review of the Mars surface environment, including weather and atmospheric effects, and challenges to overcome, this review includes a study on past, current, and planned future missions to the Mars surface, with a focus on instrumentation. Following this, a choice of instrument is made through a combination of past success, requirements of the mission, time and resource constraints, and personal interest. This choice, a temperature sensor to go on the future weather station, goes on to show that even the simplest measurement like temperature becomes increasingly complex in a challenging environment like the surface of Mars. I have overcome many of these challenges with iterative design and thorough testing of a prototype device suitable for the mission, and have paved the way for future work to achieve the ambitions of the SSC.

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Section: Thermal Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing a Temperature Sensor for a Mars Surface Weather Station

Roe

2024

Preprint

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Steerable Rotary Drilling With an Experimental System

Barr

Clegg

Russell³

1995

SPE/IADC Drilling Conference

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SPE Members Abstract Some of the needs in directional drilling of extended reach and horizontal wells are discussed. It is forecast that Steerable Rotary Drilling (SRD) will meet some of these needs, providing economic benefits. Known options for an SRD system are briefly discussed. The system devised uses synchronous polyphase modulation of bias from a mechanism connected to, and rotating with, the drill bit, powered by drilling fluid and controlled by a directional sensor package, the orientation of the latter being independent of 8HA rotation, stabilized and controlled. This scheme meets structural requirements while being capable of development for a wide range of hole sizes The concept was proved by drilling an interval of 638m (2092ft) with an experimental SRD system. Deviation, while rotating, was controlled at rates up to 8.50/30m (8.60/100 ft) to change elevation up/down and azimuth left/right. The system was successful with both PDC and roller cone bits and the deviation rate vector was largely independent of bit weight. rotary speed and penetration rate. The drilling trials have provided data for a product aimed particularly at extended reach and horizontal drilling. Economic benefits are expected by saving time and by improving directional control. INTRODUCTION. Trends in directional drilling. Benefits of Extended Reach and Horizontal drilling. In developing drilling techniques, attention has traditionally been focused onto reducing "cost per foot". This is only one component of the more fundamental economic target of reducing cost per barrel. In recent years, the economic benefits of extending lateral reach capability in deviated drilling have been clearly recognised. In some cases, it is even feasible to develop offshore reservoirs from land, eliminating costly offshore platforms. The potential benefits of fewer platforms are illustrated by examples of savings quoted of $183 million in Wytch Farm, Southern England, and up to $100 million at Pt. Pedernales, offshore California. A related development is that of horizontal drilling. This can also reduce the cost per barrel, despite the higher cost per foot and feet per well. Extending lateral reach capability of deviated (including horizontal) wells depends on several interacting critical technologies. These have been widely reviewed, for example, by Payne, Cocking and Hatch, who also give many other relevant references. P. 435

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Recent Advances and Emerging Technologies for Extended Reach Drilling

Payne¹,

Wilton²,

Ramos³

1995

International Meeting on Petroleum Engineering

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SPE Members Abstract/Introduction Extended-Reach Drilling (ERD) is being successfully pursued by various major operators in locations world-wide. Specialized ERD equipment and operational procedures are advancing rapidly from a number of different sources. Case histories of ERD achievements and detailed analyses of specific ERD technologies are proliferating in industry literature. This paper summarizes recent advances and emerging technologies to document available systems for ERD projects and to accelerate technology transfer and development within the industry. This paper highlights recent industry ERD projects and provides specific advances in the areas of wellbore stability, drilling fluids, drilling equipment, drilling systems, and tubular design and running. Overview of Key Industry ERD Projects In spite of the publication of ERD "limits or envelopes". the limits of ERD with current technology have not yet been found. To recognize the rapid pace of "pushing back the envelope". Consider these successful ERD operations: UK Land BP Exploration has pioneered many new ERD technologies at Wytch Farm in their successful pursuit of world-record ERD achievements. BP Wytch Farm ERD involves the development of offshore oil reserves from an onshore drillsite in a scenic and environmentally sensitive Southern England location 11–31. The economic incentive was reserves development without the building of an artificial island for conventional departure wells. BP Exploration has extended achievable departures at Wytch Farm in the relatively shallow (1600m TVD) Sherwood reservoir from 4 km to nearly 7km in a period of only two years during 1993 and 1994. Well M2 was drilled to a departure of 6760m in late 1994 and Well M3 to 6818m in early 1995. Multiple world-records have been set, and reach/TVD ratios have been extended from 2.4 to 4.28. Further achievements from BP are expected. Norway Statoil and Norsk Hydro have made extraordinary progress in ERD pursuits in the Statfjord and Gullfaks fields. The Statfjord wells are drilled into reservoir at 2700m TVD. Statfjord Well C10 achieved 5km departure in 1989/1990. The first 6km departure well in the industry was achieved by Statfjord Well C3 (6.1 km) in 1991. In 1992. Well A36 achieved 5km departure in the shallower Gullfaks reservoir at 2160m TVD, resulting in a MD/TVD ratio of 2.79, among the highest at the time. In 1992/1993, Statoil's Well C2 set new world records and broke the 7km departure "barrier" for the first time in the industry. Well C2 achieved a 8.7km MD and a departure of 7.3km at the Statfjord reservoir TVD of 2700m. In 1994, Norsk Hydro's Well C26 extended these achievements further and set another new world record for well departure. Well C26 achieved 9.3km MD and a departure of 7.85km at 2770m TVD. Statoil is planning wells with measured depths of over 10km and departures on the order of 9km. Research also continues on wells with departures of 10km in the Statfjord reservoir UK Offshore Amoco UK has been among the leaders with ERD in the Arbroath and Hutton fields. Following a failed ERD attempt in 1991. Well Tl9 achieved an MD of 5.8km and a departure of 4.6km in the reservoir at 2600m in 1992. That achievement was extended with the SEER-Tl2 well which achieved an MD of 7.5km and a departure of 6.4km in 1993. Other operators in the UK sector have also drilled substantial ERD wells. Shell Expro set records at the time with the Cormorant A-l3 well with a departure of 4.7km in 1988. More recently. Shell's Tern A-5 achieved 5km departure at 2770m TVD, while their Galleon Well PN02 that achieved a 5.7km MD at a TVD of 2500m for a MD/TVD ratio of 2.3. Mobil drilled Excalibur Well ES that achieved a 6.9km MD at a TVD of 2660m, for a MD/TVD ratio of 2.60. P. 291

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A Systems Approach to Downhole Adjustable Stabilizer Design and Application

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

Designing a Temperature Sensor for a Mars Surface Weather Station

Designing a Temperature Sensor for a Mars Surface Weather Station

Steerable Rotary Drilling With an Experimental System

Recent Advances and Emerging Technologies for Extended Reach Drilling

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