A tale of two groups: focusing on the differential vulnerability of “climate-induced” and “non-climate-induced” migrants in Dhaka City

Adri, Neelopal; Simon, David

doi:10.1080/17565529.2017.1291402

Cited by 32 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…For example, Pouliotte et al (2011) observed that the land use decisions of small-scale land owners in the southern coastal region of Bangladesh often depended on the decisions of larger-scale land owners, potentially undermining the adaptation actions of poorer households. In such cases, small-scale landholders move to urban areas to shift their livelihood practices, subsequently losing control over land resources, and becoming potential victims of urban climate vulnerability (Adri and Simon, 2017). In addition, Pouliotte et al 2011observed that climate impacts like water stagnancy and saline water intrusion are altering the land and resource qualities in Bangladesh, resulting in a dynamic change in rural land use practices.…”

Section: Vulnerability Of Land Use-based Rural Livelihoods In Bangladeshmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Does Autonomous Adaptation to Climate Change Have to Teach Public Policy and Planning About Avoiding the Risks of Maladaptation in Bangladesh?

Rahman

Hickey

2019

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Climate vulnerability represents a highly complex public policy challenge for government due to its interaction with diverse social, political, economic, and ecological factors across scale. The policy challenge is further exacerbated when rural livelihood opportunities depend on multiple land use practices within shared social-ecological systems and adaptation actions related to one practice affects the others. In such cases, it becomes likely that national and regional-level adaptation plans will result in maladaptive trajectories if local context and properties are not carefully considered. This review highlights the importance of this issue to public policy using the case of climate change adaptation planning in Bangladesh to highlight how national and regional-level planned adaptation processes could benefit from paying closer attention to the autonomous adaptation processes occurring at local levels. Focussing on the northeastern floodplain region, an area dominated by wetland ecosystems, high climate vulnerability, and diverse and complex land use practices, we examine some of the community-level adaptation actions that are being undertaken in response to climate change and contrast these with national-level adaptation planning strategies and actions. We then analyze how the planned adaptation actions taken by government may actually end up being maladaptive, either by shifting or rebounding vulnerability. We conclude that government adaptation planning would benefit from a greater focus on learning and scrutinizing the autonomous adaptation of communities to climate stress before making significant resource allocation decisions.

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Section: Vulnerability Of Land Use-based Rural Livelihoods In Bangladeshmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Does Autonomous Adaptation to Climate Change Have to Teach Public Policy and Planning About Avoiding the Risks of Maladaptation in Bangladesh?

Rahman

Hickey

2019

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, is swelling beyond its capacity, which affects available income opportunities, as well as living conditions (McNamara et al, 2016, p. 2). Furthermore, many low-lying cities are vulnerable to environmental stressors, and Dhaka is no exception (Adamo, 2010, p. 162;Simon, 2010;Adri & Simon, 2018). Consequently, many migrants find themselves in a situation where they leave one set of problems behind for a new set of vulnerabilities in the destination area (Ayeb-Karlsson, Van der Geest, Ahmed, Huq, & Warner, 2016;Foresight, 2011;McNamara et al, 2016).…”

Section: Sending and Receiving Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender, environment and migration in Bangladesh

Evertsen

Geest

2019

Climate and Development

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This article addresses how gender norms impact the process of migration, and what this means for the use of migration as an adaptation strategy to cope with environmental stressors. Data was collected through qualitative fieldwork, taking the form of semi-structured and open-ended interviews and focus group discussions from a Dhaka slum and three villages in Southern Bangladesh's Bhola district. Our data revealed that women migrate when environmental stress threatens livelihoods and leave male household members unable to earn enough income for their families. Employing an analytical framework that focuses on the perceptions of individuals, this article shows how gender norms create social costs for women who migrate. Women thus have ambivalent feelings about migration. On the one hand, they do not wish to migrate, taking on a double work load, forsaking their purdah, and facing the stigma that follows. On the other hand, women see migration as a means to help their families, and live a better life. While social costs negatively affect the utilization and efficiency of female migration as an adaptation strategy to environmental stressors, it becomes clear that female migration is imperative to sustain livelihoods within the Bhola community.

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“…People living in the south west coastal belt are particularly exposed to permanent natural hazards like riverbank erosion and find migration a viable coping strategy (Poncelet et al, 2010;Brammer, 2014;Kabir et al, 2018;Mollah and Ferdaush, 2015). Among all the climate-induced migrants in Dhaka city, a significant proportion are from the coastal districts of Bangladesh such as Barguna, Patuakhali, Maheshkhali, Noakhali, Bhola, Satkhira and Jessore, which are highly vulnerable to the natural hazards including riverbank erosion (Adri and Simon, 2018).…”

Section: Permanent Shockmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Hazards and Internal Migration: The Role of Transient Versus Permanent Shocks

et al. 2018

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We analyse internal migration triggered by natural disasters in Bangladesh. We conducted a survey in nine coastal districts and two major cities in Bangladesh to investigate whether floods and cyclones, which can be considered as transient shocks, affect interregional migration differently compared to riverbank erosion that causes loss of lands and thus generates shocks that are permanent in nature. Our findings suggest that transient shocks induce households to move to nearby cities while permanent shocks push people to big cities with more opportunities. Comparing income and expenditure of migrants and non-migrant households, we find that the former group is better-off relative to their counterpart, indicating that welfare can be improved by facilitating migration. Rising exposure to climate change induced natural disasters around the world imply that our findings will be increasingly relevant for designing policies to address vulnerability, particularly for disaster prone countries with weak social safety nets.

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A tale of two groups: focusing on the differential vulnerability of “climate-induced” and “non-climate-induced” migrants in Dhaka City

Cited by 32 publications

References 22 publications

What Does Autonomous Adaptation to Climate Change Have to Teach Public Policy and Planning About Avoiding the Risks of Maladaptation in Bangladesh?

What Does Autonomous Adaptation to Climate Change Have to Teach Public Policy and Planning About Avoiding the Risks of Maladaptation in Bangladesh?

Gender, environment and migration in Bangladesh

Natural Hazards and Internal Migration: The Role of Transient Versus Permanent Shocks

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