A Tale of Two Quarries: Biologic and Taphonomic Signatures in the Oxygen Isotope Composition of Tooth Enamel Phosphate from Modern and Miocene Equids

Bryant, J. Daniel; Froelich, Philip N.; Showers, William J.; Genna, Bernard

doi:10.2307/3515249

Cited by 98 publications

(68 citation statements)

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“…5). Two of these are similar to patterns found in Miocene fossil equids (Bryant et al, 1996), termed Pattern 1 and Pattern 2. In Pattern 1 the fie pattern among the individual teeth, plotted in sequence of eruption, has a concave-up shape and 6p of M1 and M3 is generally higher than that of other teeth in the jaw (Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 70%

“…In Pattern 2 the 5p pattern has a concavedown shape and 6p of M1 and M3 is generally lower than that of other teeth in the jaw. There is a third pattern in the Eocene-Oligocene equid jaws, but this pattern is different from that termed Pattern 3 in the Miocene horses (Bryant et al, 1996). We therefore term this Pattern 4, to differentiate it from Pattern 3 found in Miocene horses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Patterns of 6p variation in teeth from jaws of Miocene and modern horse (equid) teeth provide evidence of the season of birth and overall seasonality of the birth cycle in ancient horse faunas (Bryant et al, 1996). Based on these results, Miocene horses were, in broad terms, relatively similar to modern horses in terms of the timing of enamel mineralization, seasonal birth cycles, and season of birth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The 6~80 of the animal's oxygen inputs (water, metabolic oxygen derived from oxidation of organic compounds in food, and atmospheric 02) are all directly or indirectly related to climate via fractionation in the hydrologic cycle and surflcial processes. In turn the ~180 of body water reflects the balance of these oxygen inputs, which is controlled by body mass-dependent fluxes of oxygen through the body (Bryant and Froelich, 1996). Mammalian 6p precipitates in equilibrium with body water (Luz Climatic processes and the hydrologic cycle control the 8180 of local precipitation, which in turn is fractionated by surficial processes and controls the 6180 of ingested water and metabolic oxygen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Characteristic patterns of variation in ~p among different teeth within the same jaw of modern and Miocene horses are interpreted to result from season of birth and timing of enamel mineralization (Bryant et al, 1996). These effects lead to very large differences in 8p among the individual teeth in a jaw.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biologic and climatic signals in the oxygen isotopic composition of Eocene-Oligocene equid enamel phosphate

Bryant

Froelich

Showers

et al. 1996

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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138

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Oxygen isotope results for tooth enamel-phosphate (6p) from late Eocene-early Oligocene fossil horses are presented to determine if paleobiologic and paleoclimatologic information is recorded in fossil tooth enamel chemistry. Teeth from jaws of Mesohippus and Miohippus from the White River Formation (or Group) in the western Great Plains are well preserved and have excellent geochronologic control. Although there is clear evidence for post-depositional alteration of the enamel, a hydroxylapatite mineralogy is preserved and isotopic exchange of oxygen does not appear to be significant. There are distinctive patterns of 6p variation among individual teeth from the same jaw. These patterns reflect season of birth and timing of enamel mineralization. Most of the horses were born in the spring, and mineralization of the enamel is complete after 1-1.5 years. These results show that paleoclimate reconstruction from enamel 6p must account for tooth position and timing of mineralization. The observation that there are different intrajaw patterns of 6p variation among Mesohippus and Miohippus may provide a basis to reconstruct changes in climate seasonality in ancient environments.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Biologic and climatic signals in the oxygen isotopic composition of Eocene-Oligocene equid enamel phosphate

Bryant

Froelich

Showers

et al. 1996

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

Self Cite

138

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Reconstruction of breastfeeding and weaning practices using stable isotope and trace element analyses: A review

Tsutaya

Yoneda

2014

American J Phys Anthropol

196

188

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Biogeochemical methods using stable isotopes and trace elements have been increasingly developed and applied to reconstruct modern and ancient breastfeeding and weaning practices of mammals, including humans, because they offer direct proxies for the dietary intake of subadults. Carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen isotopes have been used to evaluate breast milk lipid, protein, and water intake, respectively. Carbon and sulfur isotopes have been used to estimate the content of weaning foods. The elemental concentrations of Sr and Ba in subadult tissues differ because of the dietary change during the weaning process. For analyses, various tissues have been used, such as hair, nail, blood, and feces for modern mammals and bone and teeth for ancient ones. Of these, trace element analysis of tooth enamel offers a good opportunity for the reconstruction of breastfeeding and weaning practices of the more distant past at finer resolution, although further understanding of the metabolism of trace elements is necessary. There are various tissue-and element-specific advantages and disadvantages, and a combination of different proxies can illuminate practices from various viewpoints. Finally, applying the geochemical reconstruction of breastfeeding and weaning practices to human ecology, primatology, and paleoanthropology is important; basic studies of the underlying physiological mechanisms and technical improvements in the analyses will further highlight avenues for future research. Yrbk Phys Anthropol 156:2-21, 2015. V C 2014 American Association of Physical AnthropologistsThe reconstruction of breastfeeding and weaning practices (BWPs) of ancient human and other mammalian species is one of the most important fields in anthropology, archaeology, evolutionary biology, and history. Infant feeding practices affect the overall health of the population because diet, health status, and growth at a young age have profound effects on an individual's later life (Dettwyler and Fishman, 1992;Katzenberg et al., 1996;WHO, 1998WHO, , 2009Lewis, 2007). Breastfeeding and weaning practices can be viewed from the evolutionary perspectives of life history theory, parental investment, child development, social system, and reproductive strat-

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Diet and habitat of late Miocene herbivore mammals from Nurpur, District Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India

et al. 2022

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We present the stable carbon (δ 13 C) and oxygen (δ 18 O) isotopic composition of 75 serial samples (tooth enamels) from five mammalian fossil groups, which include giraffids, equids, bovids, tragulids, and suids, to reconstruct their diet and habitat. These mammalian faunas were recovered from a late Miocene Middle Siwalik succession exposed in Nurpur, Himachal Pradesh, India (8.14-5.26 Ma). The average δ 13 C data of the studied mammals, that is, À13.30 ± 0.71 (giraffids), À11.29 ± 0.63 (equids), À12.68 ± 0.49‰ (bovids), À12.97 ± 1.11 (tragulids), and À12.01 ± 0.47 (suids) indicates a mainly C3 diet with a minor component of C4 grass (up to 17%) and a habitat dominant by forest/woodland. The average δ 18 O value of giraffids (À5.83 ± 0.85) is slightly enriched as compared to other herbivore mammals, such as equids (À8.85 ± 1.71), bovids (À7.86 ± 0.62‰), tragulids (À8.26 ± 1.92), and suids (À10.65 ± 0.23). It suggests that the browsing giraffids could likely intake water from enriched 18 O sources, whereas the other browsing mammals consume water from depleted 18 O sources in the local ecosystem. However, the δ 18 O values indicate the existence of a warm, humid climate and more precipitation in the Siwalik during the late Miocene.

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A Tale of Two Quarries: Biologic and Taphonomic Signatures in the Oxygen Isotope Composition of Tooth Enamel Phosphate from Modern and Miocene Equids

Cited by 98 publications

References 26 publications

Biologic and climatic signals in the oxygen isotopic composition of Eocene-Oligocene equid enamel phosphate

Biologic and climatic signals in the oxygen isotopic composition of Eocene-Oligocene equid enamel phosphate

Reconstruction of breastfeeding and weaning practices using stable isotope and trace element analyses: A review

Diet and habitat of late Miocene herbivore mammals from Nurpur, District Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India

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