A targeted door-to-door strategy for sleeping sickness detection in low-prevalence settings in Côte d’Ivoire

Koffi, Mathurin; N’Djetchi, Martial Kassi; Ilboudo, Hamidou; Kaba, Dramane; Coulibaly, Bamoro; N’Gouan, Emmanuel Kouassi; Kouakou, Lingué; Bucheton, Bruno; Solano, Philippe; Courtin, Fabrice; Ehrhardt, Stephan; Jamonneau, Vincent

doi:10.1051/parasite/2016059

Cited by 30 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Subsequently, a large portion of the literature is concerned with how best to deploy existing tools in support of elimination goals. In this respect, a lot of attention was assigned to screening approaches [43,44,[70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77] and exploring testing algorithms [50,55].…”

Section: Goal: Global Eliminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

NTD Diagnostics for Disease Elimination: A Review

Taylor

2020

Diagnostics

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Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) marked out for disease elimination provide a lens through which to explore the changing status of diagnosis in global health. This paper reports on the findings of a scoping review, which set out to explore the main debates around diagnosis for the elimination of NTDs, including the multiple roles diagnostic technologies are being ascribed and the ideal characteristics of tests. It also attempts to summarise the state of diagnosis for three NTDs with elimination goals. The review places special emphasis on point-of-care testing in acknowledgement of the remote and underserved areas where NTDs proliferate. Early NTD campaigns were largely focused on attack phase planning, whereby a similar set of interventions could be transplanted anywhere. Now, with elimination goals in sight, strategies must be tailored to local settings if they are to attain and sustain success. Diagnostic data helps with local adaptation and is increasingly used for programmatic decision-making. The review finds that elimination goals reframe whom diagnosis is for and the myriad roles diagnostics can play. The exigencies of elimination also serve to highlight deficiencies in the current diagnostic arsenal and development pipeline for many NTDs. Moving forward, a guiding framework is needed to drive research and stimulate investment in diagnosis to support NTD goals.

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Section: Goal: Global Eliminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

NTD Diagnostics for Disease Elimination: A Review

Taylor

2020

Diagnostics

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“…Therefore, the efficacy of active screening campaigns may be improved by reducing systematic nonparticipation, potentially by mini teams who screen from house-to-house rather than in the village center. A door-to-door mobile screening strategy in Côte d’Ivoire was found to detect significantly more HAT cases than standard active screening [ 11 ]. Previous modeling studies have shown that targeted screening, resulting in increased coverage of high-risk groups, could lead to a greater chance of HAT elimination in some high-endemicity settings [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Targeted Active Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Strategies Against Gambiense Sleeping Sickness Through Mathematical Modeling

Rock

Ndeffo-Mbah

Castaño

et al. 2018

Clinical Infectious Diseases

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BackgroundControl of gambiense sleeping sickness relies predominantly on passive and active screening of people, followed by treatment.MethodsMathematical modeling explores the potential of 3 complementary interventions in high- and low-transmission settings.ResultsIntervention strategies that included vector control are predicted to halt transmission most quickly. Targeted active screening, with better and more focused coverage, and enhanced passive surveillance, with improved access to diagnosis and treatment, are both estimated to avert many new infections but, when used alone, are unlikely to halt transmission before 2030 in high-risk settings.ConclusionsThere was general model consensus in the ranking of the 3 complementary interventions studied, although with discrepancies between the quantitative predictions due to differing epidemiological assumptions within the models. While these predictions provide generic insights into improving control, the most effective strategy in any situation depends on the specific epidemiology in the region and the associated costs.

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“…The last epidemic was contained in the Sinfra and Bonon foci at the early2000s [ 6 – 8 ]. Despite continuous control efforts, few HAT cases are still passively diagnosed from these two foci as well as from historical foci of the Western-Centre part of the country [ 7 – 9 ]. Transmission persistence may be due to the existence of a residual chronic human and/or animal reservoir of T .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The study of trypanosome species circulating in domestic animals in two human African trypanosomiasis foci of Côte d'Ivoire identifies pigs and cattle as potential reservoirs of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense

et al. 2017

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BackgroundImportant control efforts have led to a significant reduction of the prevalence of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) in Côte d’Ivoire, but the disease is still present in several foci. The existence of an animal reservoir of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense may explain disease persistence in these foci where animal breeding is an important source of income but where the prevalence of animal African trypanosomiasis (AAT) is unknown. The aim of this study was to identify the trypanosome species circulating in domestic animals in both Bonon and Sinfra HAT endemic foci.Methodology/Principal findings552 domestic animals (goats, pigs, cattle and sheep) were included. Blood samples were tested for trypanosomes by microscopic observation, species-specific PCR for T. brucei sl, T. congolense, T. vivax and subspecies-specific PCR for T. b. gambiense and T. b. gambiense immune trypanolysis (TL). Infection rates varied significantly between animal species and were by far the highest in pigs (30%). T. brucei s.l was the most prevalent trypanosome species (13.7%) followed by T. congolense. No T. b. gambiense was identified by PCR while high TL positivity rates were observed using T. b. gambiense specific variants (up to 27.6% for pigs in the Bonon focus).ConclusionThis study shows that domestic animals are highly infected by trypanosomes in the studied foci. This was particularly true for pigs, possibly due to a higher exposure of these animals to tsetse flies. Whereas T. brucei s.l. was the most prevalent species, discordant results were obtained between PCR and TL regarding T. b. gambiense identification. It is therefore crucial to develop better tools to study the epidemiological role of potential animal reservoir for T. b. gambiense. Our study illustrates the importance of “one health” approaches to reach HAT elimination and contribute to AAT control in the studied foci.

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A targeted door-to-door strategy for sleeping sickness detection in low-prevalence settings in Côte d’Ivoire

Cited by 30 publications

References 23 publications

NTD Diagnostics for Disease Elimination: A Review

NTD Diagnostics for Disease Elimination: A Review

Assessing Strategies Against Gambiense Sleeping Sickness Through Mathematical Modeling

The study of trypanosome species circulating in domestic animals in two human African trypanosomiasis foci of Côte d'Ivoire identifies pigs and cattle as potential reservoirs of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense

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