A technical review on coke rate and quality in low-carbon blast furnace ironmaking

Rahmatmand, Behnaz; Tahmasebi, Arash; Lomas, Hannah; Honeyands, Tom; Koshy, Pramod; Hockings, Kim; Jayasekara, Apsara S.

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2022.127077

Cited by 54 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 144 publications

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“…Among them, the gasification reaction of carbon is the main factor affecting the high-temperature metallurgical properties of coke. [84][85][86] The thermal properties (CRI and CSR) of iron coke can be measured according to the testing standard GB/T4000-2017. First, 200 g iron coke (diameter in 23-35 mm) is selected to react steadily with CO 2 (5 L min À1 ) at 1100 °C for 2 h, and the weight loss rate of iron coke after the reaction is the reactivity, which can be expressed as CRI.…”

Section: Thermal Properties Of Iron Coke and The Catalytic Mechanism ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Optimization and Efficient Application of Highly Reactive Iron Coke: Research Progress and Future Trend

Wang

Bao

et al. 2023

steel research int.

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Iron coke has emerged as a promising raw material for low‐carbon ironmaking. However, the structure and properties of iron coke are still obstacles to practical application in blast furnaces, especially the strength of iron coke. Herein, investigations on the preparation and properties of iron coke are reviewed and an integrated system for the performance optimization and efficient utilization of iron coke is proposed. First, the characteristics of different preparation processes for iron coke are compared; then the advantages and limitations of the three processes are summarized. Afterward, the evolution mechanism of iron coke strength and the catalytic mechanism of Fe on the gasification reaction of iron coke are explored in depth. In addition, the coupling mechanism of iron coke gasification and iron ore reduction is analyzed and discussed. The influence of iron coke on the melting–dropping properties of blast furnace charge and the mathematical simulation of using iron coke in the blast furnace are analyzed and summarized. Finally, a comprehensive strategy for the performance optimization of iron coke and its efficient application in the blast furnace is proposed, in which the sequence slicing 3D reconstruction method is applied to analyze the relationship between microstructure and performance of iron coke.

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Section: Thermal Properties Of Iron Coke and The Catalytic Mechanism ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Optimization and Efficient Application of Highly Reactive Iron Coke: Research Progress and Future Trend

Wang

Bao

et al. 2023

steel research int.

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“…Blast furnace technology is still the main ironmaking route, with a current global share of 70% [ 1 ]. Coke is the main material in blast furnaces, and it plays an important role in blast furnace operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the High-Temperature Interaction between Coke and Iron Ores with Different Layer Thicknesses

Wang,

Du,

Diao

et al. 2024

Materials

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Coke plays a key role as the skeleton of the charge column in BF. The gas path formed by the coke layer in the BF has a decisive influence on gas permeability. At high temperatures, the interface between coke and ore undergoes a melting reaction of coke and a reduction reaction of ore. The better the reducibility of the ore, the more conducive it is to the coupling reaction of ore and coke. The melting loss reaction of coke becomes more intense, and the corresponding strength of coke will decrease, which will affect the permeability of the blast furnace and is not conducive to the smooth operation of the blast furnace. Especially with a deterioration in iron ore quality, BF operation faces severe challenges, which makes it necessary to find an effective way to strengthen BF operation. In this study, a melting-dropping furnace was used to develop and clarify the high-temperature interaction between coke and iron ores with different layer thicknesses. The influencing factors were studied by establishing a gas permeability mathematical model and observing the metallographic microscope images of samples after the coke solution loss reaction. The relationships between coke layer thickness, distribution of gas flow, and pressure drop were obtained. The results showed that, under certain conditions, the gas permeability property of a furnace burden has been improved after the coke layer thickness increased. Upon observing the size of coke particles at the interface reaction site, the degree of melting loss reaction can be determined. A smaller particle size indicates more melting loss reaction. A dripping eigenvalue for molten metal was introduced to evaluate the dynamic changes in the comprehensive dripping properties of molten metal of furnace burden, which showed that the dripping eigenvalue for the molten metal could deteriorate because of the unruly thickness and the coke layer thickness should be limited through considering the operational indicators of the blast furnace.

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“…As an essential raw material for the blast furnace ironmaking process, high-quality coke has great significance for alleviating the contradiction between the huge iron and steel output, shortage of high-quality coal coke resources, and severe environmental problems . Therefore, seeking suitable coke for the blast furnace to improve the reaction efficiency of the blast furnace and reduce CO 2 emissions has become important for coke-making technology and reduction of the consumption in the blast furnace ironmaking process. , Iron, which is the final product of the blast furnace ironmaking process, could decrease the energy barrier formed by unstable activated complexes, promote the formation of carbon–oxygen complexes, and attract CO in the carbon–oxygen complexes through the reduction of iron oxides during the gasification process, resulting in the reaction efficiency improvement of the blast furnace. − Further, it is proven that the application of the coke containing 43% iron was found to lead to an increase of 6.8% in shaft efficiency of the blast furnace . Therefore, iron coke produced from a composite agglomerate between carbon and iron substances has aroused wide interest in the coke-making and ironmaking industries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 1 Therefore, seeking suitable coke for the blast furnace to improve the reaction efficiency of the blast furnace and reduce CO 2 emissions has become important for coke-making technology and reduction of the consumption in the blast furnace ironmaking process. 2 , 3 Iron, which is the final product of the blast furnace ironmaking process, could decrease the energy barrier formed by unstable activated complexes, promote the formation of carbon–oxygen complexes, and attract CO in the carbon–oxygen complexes through the reduction of iron oxides during the gasification process, resulting in the reaction efficiency improvement of the blast furnace. 4 − 6 Further, it is proven that the application of the coke containing 43% iron was found to lead to an increase of 6.8% in shaft efficiency of the blast furnace.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Fe₂O₃ on the Properties and Structure of Iron Coke

Qiu,

Yu,

Chen

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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Iron cokes were produced in an electrical furnace from a coal blend containing varying levels of added Fe 2 O 3 . The effects of Fe 2 O 3 on the properties and structure of the iron coke were then investigated using the coke for metallurgy determination of mechanical strength, determination of coke reactivity and coke strength after the reaction, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and a method for quantitative analysis of the minerals in coal and coke. Further, the relationships between the properties and structures of iron coke samples were established. The results show that the addition of Fe 2 O 3 can reduce the tumble strength, coke strength after the reaction, aromaticity, microcrystalline size, graphitization degree, crystalline volume, and carbon order degree of the iron coke and increase the abrasion resistance, coke reactivity index, and pulverization rate. Moreover, the degree of influence increases with increasing levels of added Fe 2 O 3 . The Fe 2 O 3 is mainly transformed into metallic iron during the coking process, and part of metallic iron is converted into Fe 3 O 4 during iron coke gasification. With an increasing Fe 2 O 3 content, the trend of the change in the minerals from Fe to Fe 3 O 4 becomes much more obvious, resulting in deeper influences on the iron coke thermal properties. There are obvious correlations among the iron coke reactivity and iron coke strength after the reaction and the crystalline volume, carbon order degree, and metallic iron content. It is concluded that the addition of Fe 2 O 3 decreases the crystalline volume and carbon order degree and increases the metallic iron content, resulting in increases in abrasion resistance and coke reactivity and decreases in tumble strength and coke strength after the reaction.

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A technical review on coke rate and quality in low-carbon blast furnace ironmaking

Cited by 54 publications

References 144 publications

Performance Optimization and Efficient Application of Highly Reactive Iron Coke: Research Progress and Future Trend

Performance Optimization and Efficient Application of Highly Reactive Iron Coke: Research Progress and Future Trend

Study on the High-Temperature Interaction between Coke and Iron Ores with Different Layer Thicknesses

Influence of Fe₂O₃ on the Properties and Structure of Iron Coke

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A technical review on coke rate and quality in low-carbon blast furnace ironmaking

Cited by 54 publications

References 144 publications

Performance Optimization and Efficient Application of Highly Reactive Iron Coke: Research Progress and Future Trend

Performance Optimization and Efficient Application of Highly Reactive Iron Coke: Research Progress and Future Trend

Study on the High-Temperature Interaction between Coke and Iron Ores with Different Layer Thicknesses

Influence of Fe2O3 on the Properties and Structure of Iron Coke

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Influence of Fe₂O₃ on the Properties and Structure of Iron Coke