A Technique for the Conduct of Nutritional Balance Experiments in Horses

McKenzie, R. A.; Blaney, B. J.; Gartner, R. J. W.; Dillon, RD; Standfast, N. F.

doi:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1979.tb01352.x

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Six 4-8 year-old Standardbred geldings were used in two balance experiments, the procedure and equipment for which have been described by McKenzie et al (1979). The collection procedure did not differ essentially from techniques applied to ruminants.…”

Section: Horses and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of dietary oxalate on calcium, phosphorus and magnesium balances in horses

1981

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SUMMARYNegative calcium and phosphorus balances were produced in two experiments on six horses fed diets containing 2·6 or 4·3% total oxalate. The main calcium and phosphorus loss was in faeces. The urinary loss of calcium was reduced and that of phosphorus increased. A positive balance of magnesium was maintained. No clinically significant changes in blood concentrations of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium or alkaline phosphatase were produced. The bulk of ingested oxalate was unaccounted for in faeces and urine. It is suggested that the intestinal bacterial flora utilized the oxalate. The results supported the hypothesis that dietary oxalate is the cause of equine nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism which arises when horses graze several tropical grass species.

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Section: Horses and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of dietary oxalate on calcium, phosphorus and magnesium balances in horses

1981

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“…Six 4-to 8-year-old Standardbred geldings were used in a mineral balance procedure as described by McKenzie et al (1979). The horses were fed Narok setaria hay (Setaria sphacelata var.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The inability of horses to absorb calcium from calcium oxalate

1981

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SUMMARYSix horses were fed Setaria sphacelata var. sericea cv. Narok hay in a mineral balance experiment and were in negative calcium balance. This should have ensured maximum efficiency of calcium absorption. Only 6·3% of calcium from a single dose of 1·32 kg calcium oxalate was retained by the horses, which supports the suggestion that horses cannot utilize calcium in tropical grasses if it is present as calcium oxalate crystals.

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“…In all experiments deappeared the only practical method for the control ionized water was provided ad libitum. The mineral and therapy of NSH in areas where these intro-balance procedure, equipment and sampling techniques for feed, urine and faeces have been described by McKenzie et al (1979). Analytical methods were given by McKenzie et al (1981).…”

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Supplements to correct oxalate-induced negative calcium and phosphorus balances in horses fed tropical grass hays

1981

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A series of experiments investigated mineral supplements for the correction of negative calcium and phosphorus balances in horses fed tropical grass hays containing more than 0-5% total oxalate.A daily supplement of a soluble calcium source was retained with an efficiency of 60 % implying no interference with calcium absorption from supplements by oxalate or other factors in the hays.The palatability of limestone, rock phosphate, dicalcium phosphate, a limestone and dicalcium phosphate mixture and mono-ammonium phosphate was tested with a view to providing a supplement once weekly. With the exception of the latter, all were consumed readily when mixed with 50-60 % molasses (w/w) and hourly intakes of 200 g calcium and 50 g phosphorus were recorded.In balance trials using horses fed tropical grass hays, 1 kg of either rock phosphate, or a mixture of limestone and dicalcium phosphate (1:2, w/w), each mixed with 1-5 kg molasses, was fed on the 8th day of a 14-day balance trial. The retention of calcium from the supplements ranged from 19 to 41 % and that of phosphorus from 22 to 42 %. The passage time for unabsorbed minerals was about 4 days. This amount of supplementation can accommodate calcium and phosphorus losses of at least 20 and 10 mg/kg live weight/day respectively. A supplement of 1 kg limestone overcame a negative calcium balance of 20 mg/kg live weight/day but did not overcome a negative phosphorus balance.duced grasses have become dominant to the exclusion of native grasses, although there was a The hypothesis that dietary oxalate is the cause possibility that excess oxalate, or other unknown of equine nutritional secondary hyperparathyroid-factors in the grasses, would inhibit absorption of ism (NSH) or osteodystrophia fibrosa in horses supplements. grazing several tropical grass species introducedWe have examined the ability of a number of into Australia was supported by the mineral balance supplements to correct losses of Ca and P and to trials reported by McKenzie, Blaney & Gartner promote their storage. Our objective was to find an (1981). Daily losses of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus effective system of supplementation which could be (P) were as high as 40 mg/kg live weight and used once each week to avoid the time and labour 20 mg/kg live weight respectively in horses fed of mustering grazing horsea more frequently, tropical grass hays. It was suggested that grasses with a Ca: oxalate ratio of less than about 0-5 and EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE containing more than 0-5 % total oxalate are potentially hazardous if grazed as a sole diet for Six experiments were conducted. The object, prolonged periods (Blaney, Gartner & McKenzie, procedure, results, and discussion of these are pre-1981), sented in sequence. Four to 8 year-old StandardSupplementation with either Ca, or Ca plus P bred geldings were used. In all experiments deappeared the only practical method for the control ionized water was provided ad libitum. The mineral and therapy of NSH in areas where these intro-balance procedure, equipment and samp...

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A Technique for the Conduct of Nutritional Balance Experiments in Horses

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

The effect of dietary oxalate on calcium, phosphorus and magnesium balances in horses

The effect of dietary oxalate on calcium, phosphorus and magnesium balances in horses

The inability of horses to absorb calcium from calcium oxalate

Supplements to correct oxalate-induced negative calcium and phosphorus balances in horses fed tropical grass hays

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