A Technology for Anti-Thrombogenic Drug Coating of Small-Diameter Biodegradable Vascular Prostheses

Abstract

The aim of the study was to develop a technology for anti-thrombogenic drug coating of biodegradable porous scaffolds and to evaluate the physicomechanical and hemocompatible properties of functionally active vascular prostheses with and without a drug coating. Materials and Methods. Vascular prostheses from polyhydroxybutyrate/valerate and polycaprolactone with the incorporated vascular endothelial growth factor, the main fibroblast growth factor, and the chemoattractant SDF-1α were made by emulsion electrospinning. Additional surface modification of the prostheses was carried out by forming a hydrogel coating of polyvinylpyrrolidone capable of binding drugs as a result of complexation. Unfractionated heparin and iloprost were used as anti-thrombogenic drugs. Results. We show that after the modification of vascular prostheses with heparin and iloprost, a 5.8-fold increase in the Young’s modulus value was noted, which indicated a greater stiffness of these grafts compared to the unmodified controls. Platelet aggregation on the surface of heparin + iloprost coated vascular prostheses was 3.3 times less than that with the unmodified controls, and 1.8 times less compared to intact platelet-rich plasma. The surface of vascular prostheses with heparin and iloprost was resistant to adhesion of platelets and blood proteins. Conclusion. Drug (unfractionated heparin and iloprost) coating of the surface of biodegradable prostheses significantly improved the anti-thrombogenic properties of these grafts but contributed to the increased stiffness of the prostheses.

New Tissue-Engineered Vascular Matrix Based on Regenerated Silk Fibroin: in vitro Study

“…Optical density of supernatant solutions was measured on a Genesys 6 spectrophotometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) at a wavelength of 545 nm. The degree of hemolysis ( H (%)) was determined by the formula ( Dt – Dne )/( Dpe – Dne ) · 100%, where Dt is the optical density of the sample incubated with the test specimen; Dne is the optical density of the negative control (saline probe); Dpe is the optical density of the positive control (samples after 100% hemolysis) [ 19 , 20 ]. The average value of optical density when measuring samples of saline with blood (it was equal to 0) was taken as a positive control (complete absence of hemolysis).…”

Comparison of the Patency and Regenerative Potential of Biodegradable Vascular Prostheses of Different Polymer Compositions in an Ovine Model

“…The inner surfaces of the prostheses were coated with a polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) hydrogel via radiation-induced grafting polymerization [48].…”

Hemocompatibility And Cytotoxicity Of Small-Diameter Bioabsorbable Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Depending On Anti-Thrombogenic And Antimicrobial Coating

“…For analysis, we randomly selected 8 samples. The adhesion ability of their surfaces was assessed with by means of the platelet count (platelet per 1 mm 2 ), predominant platelet type on the surface, and also by platelet deformation index (PDI), calculated by the following formula [15][16][17][18]: PDI = (number of type I platelets × 1 + number of type II platelets × 2 + number of type III platelets × 3 + number of type IV platelets × 4 + number of type V platelets × 5) / total number of platelets. Platelet types depending on activation are as follows: I. Disc-shaped platelets without deformation; II.…”