A technology for production of a “Cureless” paste containing a high concentration of tetrabasic lead sulfate and a low concentration of free lead

Boden, David P.; Loosemore, Daniel V.

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.10.095

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This is probably due to the addition of 4BS, promotes the oxidation and transformation of metallic lead. 6 The ripe plates after the formation are closely related to the electroperformance of the batteries. Fig.…”

Section: Effects Of 4bs Additives On Curing and Formation Of The Posi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,4 Tetrabasic lead sulfate (4PbO • PbSO 4 , 4BS) is a kind of intermediate component of positive plate during the curing process at a temperature of higher than 80 • C. 5 It can strengthen the structure of the positive active materials (PAMs), and defer the positive electrode softening. [6][7][8] Studies have proved that the 4BS additives in PAMs could improve the consistency of the plates during the curing process, and ensure a long cycle life of LAB. [9][10][11] Currently, 4BS product can be synthesized by grinding, [11][12][13] hydrothermal reaction, 14 or solid state reaction.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Facile Approach for Synthesizing Tetrabasic Lead Sulfate Derived from Recycled Lead-Acid Battery Paste and Its Electrochemical Performance

Li¹,

Yang²,

Yu³

et al. 2019

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The tetrabasic lead sulfate (4BS) additive, a high-value product, is synthesized directly from the starting materials of the spent lead paste in recycled lead-acid battery via a hydrometallurgical route. The synthesized 4BS products with two different particle size distributions are referred to as the Sintered 4BS and Ball-milled 4BS, with the mean diameter of 10, and 1 μm, respectively. The Ball-milled 4BS additive with smaller particle size can promote a denser and more integrated skeleton microstructure in the positive active materials (PAMs) after the formation process, compared with the Sintered 4BS additives. And C/20 and 1C initial discharge capacities of testing batteries with the Ball-milled 4BS additives are better than those with the Sintered 4BS additives. Moreover, both synthesized 4BS additives can improve the capacity retention characteristics of the testing batteries during charge/discharge cycles. The Ball-milled 4BS additive at a dosage of 0.5–1 wt% in PAMs is proposed. The feasibility of recovery of valuable 4BS product directly from the spent lead paste is proved, which paves a green recycling route for hazardous wastes comprising lead.

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Section: Effects Of 4bs Additives On Curing and Formation Of The Posi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Facile Approach for Synthesizing Tetrabasic Lead Sulfate Derived from Recycled Lead-Acid Battery Paste and Its Electrochemical Performance

Li¹,

Yang²,

Yu³

et al. 2019

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…The seed crystal is just 4BS that was prepared outside and added. Through the studies of Boden et al [19,20], they considered that electrochemical performance of the lead-acid batteries was improved by adding the synthesized 4BS of 1 wt% in the positive active material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on synthesis and application of tetrabasic lead sulfate as the positive active material additive for lead-acid batteries

Kim

Mun-Gi²,

Ri³

et al. 2019

R. Soc. open sci.

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Tetrabasic lead sulfate (4BS) was used as a positive active material additive for lead-acid batteries, which affirmatively affected the performance of the battery. Herein, tetrabasic lead sulfate was synthesized from scrap lead paste that was formed through the production process of the lead-acid batteries. This solves the disposing problem of the scrap lead paste that is challenging in the production of the lead-acid batteries. Scrap lead paste was first pre-treated and the 4BS with high purity and crystalline was synthesized by sintering at the temperature of 450°C and hold time of 7 h. As demonstrated by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy test and Material Studio software calculation, the purity of synthesized 4BS is higher than 98 wt%, small particles have pillar forms and are evenly distributed. Moreover, the synthesized 4BS of 1 wt% was added to the positive lead paste and then valve-regulated lead-acid battery was made after the pasting, curing and formation processes. The effectiveness of the lead-acid batteries after adding 4BS as crystal seeds was evaluated, and the 100% charge–discharge cycle life of the new battery (523 times) was about 1.4 times higher than that of general lead-acid batteries (365 times).

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“…29,30 Increasing the proportion of α-PbO 2 in the active material of positive electrode can improve the shedding problem. 31,32 Therefore, in the process of positive plate formation, the content of 4BS in lead paste should be increased. 33 4BS was converted into a large number of fine grains of α-PbO 2 by peroxidation during the process of formation, and then connected into porous aggregates.…”

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confidence: 99%

An Optimized Preparation Procedure of Tetrabasic Lead Sulfate for Lead-Acid Batteries

Qiu

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2021

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The addition of tetrabasic lead sulfates (4BS) as additives to positive pastes will effectively address the shortcomings which occur during the usage of Lead-acid batteries, such as the premature capacity loss and the active substances shed in the positive paste. We synthesized 4BS seeds using the doped lead sulfate atmospheric hydrothermal method with the lead oxide, lead sulfate, and sulfuric acid as reactant. The purity and yield of 4BS reach above 99% and 92.5%, respectively, and the particle size was approximately 10 μm. The products have been characterized by scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffractometer. Composition analysis and processing method exploration of the effluent from the 4BS synthesis were finished as well.

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A technology for production of a “Cureless” paste containing a high concentration of tetrabasic lead sulfate and a low concentration of free lead

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

A Facile Approach for Synthesizing Tetrabasic Lead Sulfate Derived from Recycled Lead-Acid Battery Paste and Its Electrochemical Performance

A Facile Approach for Synthesizing Tetrabasic Lead Sulfate Derived from Recycled Lead-Acid Battery Paste and Its Electrochemical Performance

Study on synthesis and application of tetrabasic lead sulfate as the positive active material additive for lead-acid batteries

An Optimized Preparation Procedure of Tetrabasic Lead Sulfate for Lead-Acid Batteries

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