A Temperature-Control System for Continuous-Flow Microwave Heating Using a Magnetron as Microwave Source

Ye, Jinghua; Zhang, Chun; Zhu, Huacheng

doi:10.1109/access.2020.2978124

Cited by 25 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…R and d are the radius and thickness of the ferrite disk, respectively. Notably, there are many possible values of d and R that satisfy (1). Herein, we can first choose R and d to be 18.7 mm and 10 mm, respectively.…”

Section: Three-port Circulator Using Discrete Ferritesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Magnetrons have been widely used in microwave energy transmission, microwave heating, and materials processing because of their advantages such as high energy conversion efficiency, low cost, and high output power [1,2]. However, the microwave source using a free-running magnetron exhibits issues such as frequency instability, wide-band spectrum, coupling between output power and frequency, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Compact Four-Port Waveguide Circulator Using Discrete Ferrites for Injection-Locking Magnetron System

Mi,

Zhao,

Liu

et al. 2024

Electronics

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A compact high-power four-port circulator aiming to simplify the conventional, complex, and bulky injection-locking magnetron system is proposed. To reduce the performance deterioration and the risk of ferrite rupture under long-term high-microwave-power condition, the method of breaking a monolithic ferrite into three discrete ferrites in a conventional three-port circulator is proposed. To miniaturize the size and cost of the four-port circulator, a butterfly-shaped waveguide structure is proposed, with a stub inserted into the cavity at the central point and with no connecting waveguide. Multiphysics simulation results show that the temperature coefficient of variation (COV) at the surface of the discrete ferrites is 12.4% lower than that of a monolithic ferrite circulator, with input microwave power of 10 kW. The size of the proposed four-port waveguide circulator is 27% less than the assembly of two three-port circulators, and way smaller than a conventional differential phase shift circulator (DPSC). The simulated and measured S-parameters match well, and the measured power capacity of the fabricated circulator is higher than 3 kW (limited by the experimental condition). A magnetron is successfully locked using only one designed compact circulator. The research in this paper promotes the development of injection-locking magnetron and provides a design example for the compact, high-power circulator.

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Section: Three-port Circulator Using Discrete Ferritesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compact Four-Port Waveguide Circulator Using Discrete Ferrites for Injection-Locking Magnetron System

Mi,

Zhao,

Liu

et al. 2024

Electronics

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show abstract

“…Microwave heating has become increasingly popular in food processing, plastic manufacturing, and other forms of industrial production due to its advantages related to time and energy efficiency [1][2][3]. The most widely used microwave heating devices are singlefrequency microwave generators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study of Magnetron’s Power-Pulled Characteristic to Realize a Quasi-Dual-Frequency Microwave Output

Zhao,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Electronics

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This article presents experimental evidence demonstrating the feasibility of implementing a quasi-dual-frequency microwave signal generator using a 1 kW commercial magnetron. The injection-pulled magnetron may generate quasi-dual-frequency output with nearly identical amplitudes by injecting signal at specific powers and frequencies out of the Adler locking band. This generator offers the advantage of developing a large-power and tunable quasi-dual-frequency signal at low cost and with simple implementation. In the present study, a tunable quasi-dual-frequency signal with a frequency interval ranging from 0.48 MHz to 13.74 MHz is generated experimentally. Furthermore, the effects of anode voltage ripples on the dual-frequency outputs are experimentally investigated. An empirical relationship between the frequency interval and injection ratio is obtained and presented. In addition, neither the output power nor the efficiency of the magnetron in the dual-frequency mode decreases. This research is promising for improving microwave heating uniformity in large-scale industrial applications.

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“…Several works on microwave heating technology had been conducted by engineers. They covered starting from modelling microwave heating system [2][3][4], designing the control system for temperature produced by microwave generator [5][6][7], to performance evaluation of products processed by microwave heating system [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave heating control system using genetic algorithm-based PID controller

Apriaskar

Prastiyanto

Malik

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The superiorities of microwave heating technology have attracted many researchers for further development. Designing a satisfying temperature control system for the microwave system is one of them. To confirm that the controller can work with good system performance, the adjustment of controller parameters is important. Most previous research about microwave control systems did not focus on the tuning problem which is presented in this work. This paper provides the use of a genetic algorithm to adjust the best parameters for a PID controller. A microwave heating system with a single microwave power input and a single output temperature probe which is identified using the ARX model is examined. Evaluation of the proposed controller was conducted in the simulation environment using MATLAB. The result shows that the genetic algorithm can obtain the most optimized parameter for PID controller which can follow a certain heating pattern. The parameters for Kp, Ki, and Kd are 998.94, 79.42, and 79.78, respectively. It can minimize the value of integral absolute error for the given setpoint to 446.11.

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A Temperature-Control System for Continuous-Flow Microwave Heating Using a Magnetron as Microwave Source

Cited by 25 publications

References 32 publications

Compact Four-Port Waveguide Circulator Using Discrete Ferrites for Injection-Locking Magnetron System

Compact Four-Port Waveguide Circulator Using Discrete Ferrites for Injection-Locking Magnetron System

Experimental Study of Magnetron’s Power-Pulled Characteristic to Realize a Quasi-Dual-Frequency Microwave Output

Microwave heating control system using genetic algorithm-based PID controller

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