A Ten Year Prevalence Study of Marek's Disease and Avian Leukoses at Ibadan, Nigeria

Fatunmbi, Olufemi O.; Adene, D. F.

doi:10.2754/avb198655010049

Cited by 7 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Marek's disease and AL were the only avian neoplastic diseases diagnosed during the study period. Fatunmbi & Adene (1986) and Olabode et al (2009) also reported MD and AL as responsible for avian neoplastic diseases in South-West, Nigeria. Although reticuloendotheliosis is also a cause of neoplasm in chickens, the outbreak is not commonly encountered in the field and coupled with the fact that it could easily be confused with MD and AL (Murphy et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although some work have been done to evaluate the level of occurrence of MD in the study area (Wakawa et al, 2012;Jwander et al, 2013;Musa et al, 2013), to date there seems to be no report on the prevalence of AL in Zaria, Nigeria. However, Fatunmbi & Adene (1986) and Olabode et al (2009) carried out retrospective studies on MD and AL in Ibadan and Ilorin, respectively. This study examined the trend of the cases of avian neoplastic diseases diagnosed at the Avian Clinic, Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH), Ahmadu Bello University (ABU), Zaria, Nigeria, from 2002 to 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A nine - year retrospective study of avian neoplastic diseases in Zaria, Kaduna state, Nigeria

Sani¹,

Aliyu²,

Musa³

et al. 2017

Sokoto J. Vet. Sc.

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Avian neoplastic diseases have been identified as one of the leading causes of mortality and production losses in commercial chickens in Nigeria. Although available reports described the trend of Marek's disease in Zaria, Kaduna state, they did not take cognizance of other neoplastic diseases of poultry hence the need for this study. The clinic records of the Avian Clinic of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH), Ahmadu Bello University (ABU), Zaria, were examined for cases of all avian neoplastic diseases from 2002 to 2010. The overall prevalence of avian neoplastic diseases was 7.58% (234/3085). Marek's disease (MD) and avian leukosis (AL) were the only avian neoplastic diseases of poultry reported during the period under review. Marek's disease contributed 85.90% (201/234) of the total avian neoplastic diseases outbreaks while AL was responsible for only 14.10% (33/234) of the outbreaks. The overall prevalence of MD was 6.25% (201/3085) while that of AL was 1.07% (33/3085). Chicken (99.57%) and duck (0.43%) were the only species of birds affected by the diseases. The types of chickens that were affected include commercial layers (97.85%), exotic broilers (0.86%), exotic cockerels (0.86%) and Nigerian indigenous chicken (0.43%). The average age of poultry affected was 20.17 (SD=±2.6) weeks for MD and 41.43 (SD=±15.4) weeks for AL. Weight loss (55.98%), ruffled feathers (47.01%), diarrhea (39.79%) and leg paralysis (17.52%) were the most reported clinical signs. The most consistent gross lesions observed were hepatomegaly (76.50%), emaciated carcass (75.64%), renomegaly (52.56%) and splenomegaly (44.87%). Neoplastic growths were mostly observed on the liver (46.58%), kidney (28.2%) and heart (25.21%). The sciatic nerve (20.51%) and bursa of Fabricius (3.85%) were also affected. There is a remarkable increase in the cases of avian neoplastic diseases over the study period which underscores the importance of a National control program for these important diseases of poultry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A nine - year retrospective study of avian neoplastic diseases in Zaria, Kaduna state, Nigeria

Sani¹,

Aliyu²,

Musa³

et al. 2017

Sokoto J. Vet. Sc.

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“…Such birds mainly die as a result of tumour development in the visceral organs and peripheral nerves (Frank, 2001). Though morbidity and mortality vary with virus strain (Graham, 1976;Cauchy and Coudert, 1986;Dong et al, 2008;Ionica and Coman, 2009), it is a major economic risk for poultry flocks, not only because of its worldwide distribution, but because it majorly affects young adults about to be utilized for meat or egg production, thereby reducing the profitability of an affected flock (Fatumbi and Adene, 1984;Frank, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The poultry industry in Nigeria is fast developing but with few hatcheries concentrated in some parts of the country (Fatumbi and Adene, 1984;Geidam et al, 2006;Olabode et al, 2009). Many outbreaks of poultry diseases have been directly or indirectly associated with high poultry farm concentrations (Cauchy and Coudert, 1986;Calnek and Witter, 1997;Frank, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Few studies conducted on MD in Nigeria appear not to adequately address increasing MD outbreaks nationwide (Fatumbi and Adene, 1984;Adene and Akpavie, 2004;Akpavie, 2005;Olabode et al, 2009). A very low prevalence was recorded in Ibadan (Fatumbi and Adene, 1984), a 2.14% prevalence rate was recorded for avian neoplastic diseases (MD inclusive) in Ilorin, Nigeria (Geidam et al, 2006), with the highest year of occurrence in 1998. From the available literature, this is the first paper that describes adequately the status of MD in Zaria, Nigeria as of 2009.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Retrospective and clinical studies of Mareks disease in Zaria, Nigeria

W.¹

2013

J. Bacteriol. Res.

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A ten year retrospective study (2000-2009) of Marek's disease (MD) was conducted in the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. 3,039 different poultry diseases were recorded, MD represents 4.9%. 63% of MD was recorded in birds 10 to 20 weeks old, 9.3% in birds above 30 weeks and 2.0% in birds below ten weeks. MD occurred mainly during the pre-rainy to rainy seasons with a progressive yearly increase. Strong association existed between season and MD (p < 0.05), risk estimate was also relevant (OR-2.4). A clinical analysis of birds affected with MD over the years revealed uneven growth and progressive weight loss as major complaints; ruffled feathers and whitishyellow diarrhea were the major observable signs. Major gross lesions were severe emaciation, thickened proventriculus and flabby heart with loss of coronary fats. Histopathology revealed focal to diffuse neoplastic lesions in the affected organs. MD mainly affected chickens aged 10 to 20 weeks. The disease is endemic and on the increase in Zaria and its environs. We recommend that an effective MD vaccination technique and schedule be established for this region, purchase of point of lay chickens for production should be discouraged and standard biosecurity measures must be enhanced in hatcheries and farms to prevent primary exposure.

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Application of loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay in the detection of herpesvirus of turkey (FC 126 strain) from chicken samples in Nigeria

Adedeji¹,

Abdu²,

Luka³

et al. 2017

Vet World

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Aim:This study was designed to optimize and apply the use of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) as an alternative to conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT) (FC 126 strain) in vaccinated and non-vaccinated poultry in Nigeria.Materials and Methods:HVT positive control (vaccine) was used for optimization of LAMP using six primers that target the HVT070 gene sequence of the virus. These primers can differentiate HVT, a Marek’s disease virus (MDV) serotype 3 from MDV serotypes 1 and 2. Samples were collected from clinical cases of Marek’s disease (MD) in chickens, processed and subjected to LAMP and PCR.Results:LAMP assay for HVT was optimized. HVT was detected in 60% (3/5) and 100% (5/5) of the samples analyzed by PCR and LAMP, respectively. HVT was detected in the feathers, liver, skin, and spleen with average DNA purity of 3.05-4.52 μg DNA/mg (A260/A280) using LAMP. Conventional PCR detected HVT in two vaccinated and one unvaccinated chicken samples, while LAMP detected HVT in two vaccinated and three unvaccinated corresponding chicken samples. However, LAMP was a faster and simpler technique to carry out than PCR.Conclusion:LAMP assay for the detection of HVT was optimized. LAMP and PCR detected HVT in clinical samples collected. LAMP assay can be a very good alternative to PCR for detection of HVT and other viruses. This is the first report of the use of LAMP for the detection of viruses of veterinary importance in Nigeria. LAMP should be optimized as a diagnostic and research tool for investigation of poultry diseases such as MD in Nigeria.

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A Ten Year Prevalence Study of Marek's Disease and Avian Leukoses at Ibadan, Nigeria

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

A nine - year retrospective study of avian neoplastic diseases in Zaria, Kaduna state, Nigeria

A nine - year retrospective study of avian neoplastic diseases in Zaria, Kaduna state, Nigeria

Retrospective and clinical studies of Mareks disease in Zaria, Nigeria

Application of loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay in the detection of herpesvirus of turkey (FC 126 strain) from chicken samples in Nigeria

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